Summary: International Symposium on the Health Effects of Boron and Its Compounds

Mastromatteo, Ernest; Sullivan, Frank

doi:10.2307/3431977

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The degree of rejection of boron in seawater RO is of considerable concern. In low concentrations it has been shown that boron is beneficial to human health such as for cell metabolism, bone density and immune response [32,33], as well as being essential to proper growth of plants. It participates in cell distribution, growth and metabolism, respiration regulation and photosynthesis.…”

Section: Seawater Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of Ion and Water Transport in Reverse-Osmosis Membranes

Oren¹,

Biesheuvel²

2018

Phys. Rev. Applied

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We present theory for ion and water transport through reverse osmosis membranes based on a Maxwell-Stefan framework combined with hydrodynamic theory for the reduced motion of particles in thin pores. We include all driving forces and frictions both on the fluid (water), and on the ions, including ion-fluid friction as well as ion-wall friction. By including the acid-base character of the carbonic acid system, the boric acid system, H 3 O + /OH − , and the membrane charge, we locally determine pH and thus the effective charge of the membrane as well as the dissociation degree of boric acid. We present calculation results for a "dead end" experiment with fixed feed concentration, where effluent composition is a self-consistent function of fluxes through the membrane. Comparison with experimental results from literature for fluid flow vs. pressure, and for salt and boron rejection, shows that theory agrees well with data. Our model is based on realistic assumptions for the effective sizes of the ions and for the diameter of the RO membrane pore in the polyamide toplayer (∼ 0.75 nm).

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Section: Seawater Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of Ion and Water Transport in Reverse-Osmosis Membranes

Oren¹,

Biesheuvel²

2018

Phys. Rev. Applied

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“…Landfilling and agricultural application of paper mill wastes, including ash, are the major source of B in the environment (Nable et al, 1997;Pavlović et al, 2004). Boron is an essential micronutrient for plants and animals at low concentrations (Mastromatteo and Sullivan, 1994;Salisbury and Ross, 1992), but like other trace elements it becomes toxic at higher concentrations. Boron is mobile in the environment and significant quantities can leach from landfills into ground or surface waters if not contained properly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boron accumulation and tolerance of hybrid poplars grown on a B-laden mixed paper mill waste landfill

Rees

Robinson

Rog³

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

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Paper mill wastes are a mixture of by-products from pulp production and on-site energy production, consisting of paper mill sludge, ash and cinders. Landfilling of these highly boron (B) and heavy metal laden waste products carries environmental risks. Poplars have been successfully employed in the phytomanagement and hydraulic control of B contaminated sites. Here, we assess the performance of hybrid poplars on a paper-mill waste landfill, investigate the accumulation of B by the trees and explore the relationship between local-scale root growth and substrate properties. Leaf and root tissue samples were collected on three plots and analyzed for their chemical properties and root traits. Additionally, we sampled four soil cores in the vicinity of each of the trees and determined chemical and physical properties. Using a principal component analysis followed by a cluster analysis, we identified three substrate types. This method delineated the soil effects on tree survival and growth, although correlations with individual soil element concentrations were weak. Despite signs of B toxicity in some leaves, B was not the key limiting factor for poplar growth. Instead, Ca deficiency caused by a Mg:Ca imbalance was the primary reason for the poor performance of some trees. Root growth was not limited by toxicity effects of soil contaminants. Our results show that hybrid poplars perform well under the harsh growing conditions on a multi-contaminated, B-laden substrate in a hemiboreal climate. Exploiting the differences in the performance of the four clones in relation to the soil types, could increase the success of revegetation on this and other landfills.

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“…Such toxicological studies that focused on high concentration oral exposure of laboratory animals showed that boron toxicity could lead to reduced fertility and sterility (see also, e.g., Mastromatteo and Sullivan, 1994). The only proven effects of acute exposure on humans (e.g.…”

Section: The Element Boronmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EU Drinking Water Directive: the boron standard and scientific uncertainty

et al. 2005

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In 1998 the European Union (EU) revised its Drinking Water Directive, which is responsible for regulating the quality of water in the EU intended for human consumption. Specifically, the EU added a new standard for the element boron in drinking water (1 mg/l). Yet, because of scientific uncertainty concerning the causes and magnitude of the boron problem in Europe during the regulatory standard-setting process, we find that full compliance with the new drinking water standard for boron has been hampered. Prior to the standard's enactment, it was unclear whether boron was derived from natural or anthropogenic sources. A new geochemical study reveals that a significant part of the boron contamination is derived from natural sources. Countries such as Italy and Cyprus with high natural boron concentrations in their drinking water are, thus, finding that compliance with the new EU boron regulation is more difficult and expensive than originally anticipated.

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Summary: International Symposium on the Health Effects of Boron and Its Compounds

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Theory of Ion and Water Transport in Reverse-Osmosis Membranes

Theory of Ion and Water Transport in Reverse-Osmosis Membranes

Boron accumulation and tolerance of hybrid poplars grown on a B-laden mixed paper mill waste landfill

The EU Drinking Water Directive: the boron standard and scientific uncertainty

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