Sulphur isotopic evolution of Neoproterozoic-Cambrian seawater: new francolite-bound sulphate δ34S data and a critical appraisal of the existing record

Shields, Graham A.; Kimura, Hiroto; Yang, Jinghong; Gammon, P

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.12.001

Cited by 83 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Shields et al, 2004). These "snowball Earth" patterns, although generally linked to the overall low sulfate concentrations of the Proterozoic, are a subset of the longer-term controls and patterns described here.…”

Section: S Enrichmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data represent pyrite and the full range of base metal sulfi des present, as well as disseminated sulfi des within the host sediments. References and location information are as follows: Aberfeldy, Scotland (Willan and Coleman, 1983); Balmat-Edwards, United States (Whelan et al, 1984); Jianshengpan, Dongshengmiao, and Tanyaokou, China (Ding and Jiang, 2000); Sullivan, Canada (Campbell et al, 1978(Campbell et al, , 1980; Belt Supergroup, United States (Lyons et al, 2000;Luepke and Lyons, 2001); Amjhore, India (Guha, 1971;Pandalai et al, 1991); McArthur River, Australia (Smith and Croxford, 1975;Rye and Williams, 1981;Eldridge et al, 1993;Shen et al, 2002); Mount Isa, Australia (Solomon, 1965;Smith et al, 1978;Andrew et al, 1989;Davidson and Dixon, 1992;Painter et al, 1999;McShane, 1996); Dugald River, Australia (Dixon and Davidson, 1996;Davidson and Dixon, 1992); Lady Loretta, Australia, (Carr and Smith, 1977;Scott et al, 1985). With the exception of the Chinese deposits, the histograms are stacked in a generally correct stratigraphic order.…”

Section: Implications Stratigraphic Isotope Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proterozoic sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) deposits and links to evolving global ocean chemistry

Lyons¹,

Gellatly²,

McGoldrick³

et al. 2006

Evolution of Early Earth's Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere - Constraints From Ore Deposits

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Sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) Zn-Pb-sulfi de mineralization fi rst occurred on a large scale during the late Paleoproterozoic. Metal sulfi des in most Proterozoic deposits have yielded broad ranges of predominantly positive δ 34 S values traditionally attributed to bacterial sulfate reduction. Heavy isotopic signatures are often ascribed to fractionation within closed or partly closed local reservoirs isolated from the global ocean by rifting before, during, and after the formation of Rodinia. Although such conditions likely played a central role, we argue here that the fi rst appearance of signifi cant SEDEX mineralization during the Proterozoic and the isotopic properties of those deposits are also strongly coupled to temporal evolution of the amount of sulfate in seawater.The ubiquity of 34 S-enriched sulfi de in ore bodies and shales and the widespread stratigraphic patterns of rapid δ 34 S variability expressed in both sulfate and sulfi de data are among the principal evidence for global seawater sulfate that was increasing during the Proterozoic but remained substantially lower than today. Because sulfate is produced mostly through weathering of the continents in the presence of oxygen, low Proterozoic concentrations imply that levels of atmospheric oxygen fell between the abundances of the Phanerozoic and the defi ciencies of the Archean, which are also indicated by the Precambrian sulfur isotope record. Given the limited availability of atmospheric oxygen, deep-water anoxia may have persisted well into the Proterozoic in the presence of a growing sulfate reservoir, which promoted prevalent euxinia. Collectively, these observations suggest that the mid-Proterozoic maximum in SEDEX mineralization and the absence of Archean deposits refl ect a critical threshold in the accumulation of oceanic sulfate and thus sulfi de within anoxic bottom waters and pore fl uids-conditions that favored both the production and preservation of sulfi de mineralization at or just below the seafl oor. Consistent with these evolving global conditions, the appearance of voluminous SEDEX mineralization ca. 1800 Ma coincides generally with the disappearance of banded iron formations-marking the transition from an early iron-dominated ocean to one more strongly infl uenced by sulfi de availability. 170 T.W. Lyons et al.

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Section: S Enrichmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications Stratigraphic Isotope Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proterozoic sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) deposits and links to evolving global ocean chemistry

Lyons¹,

Gellatly²,

McGoldrick³

et al. 2006

Evolution of Early Earth's Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere - Constraints From Ore Deposits

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“…Abundant wave ripples and cross-bedding features indicate deposition above fair-weather wave base (Xiao & Knoll 1999). The fossils were probably deposited in oxic conditions (Shields et al 2004), although phosphatization may have occurred in anoxic sediments (Muscente et al 2014;Schiffbauer et al 2014). The softbodied organisms of the biota are three-dimensionally preserved in calcium phosphate and can be preserved at a subcellular level (Hagadorn et al 2006;Huldtgren et al 2011).…”

Section: Depositional Environment Preservation and Reworkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Weng'an Biota (Doushantuo Formation): an Ediacaran window on soft-bodied and multicellular microorganisms

Cunningham

Vargas

Yin

et al. 2017

JGS

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The Weng'an Biota is a fossil Konservat-Lagerstätte in South China that is c. 570 – 609 myr old and provides an unparalleled snapshot of marine life during the interval in which molecular clocks estimate that animal clades were diversifying. It yields fossils that are three-dimensionally preserved in calcium phosphate with cellular and sometimes subcellular fidelity. The biota includes candidates for the oldest animals in the fossil record, including embryonic, larval and adult forms. We argue that, although the Weng'an Biota includes forms that could be animals, none can currently be assigned to this group with confidence. Nonetheless, the biota offers a rare and valuable window on the evolution of multicellular and soft-bodied organisms in the prelude to the Cambrian radiation.

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“…Sulfate bearing rocks of this time are significantly enriched in the heavy sulfur isotope ( 34 S) compared to most of the geological record (e.g., Claypool et al, 1980, Walter et al, 2000, Strauss, 1997, 2004, with examples from anhydrite deposits, phosphorites (Shields et al, 1999(Shields et al, , 2004 and limestone/dolomites (Goldberg et al, 2005). These perturbations have been attributed to changes in the global marine sulfur cycle involving reduced (pyrite, organic bound sulfur) and oxidized (sulfate) reservoirs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur and strontium isotopic compositions of carbonate and evaporite rocks from the late Neoproterozoic–early Cambrian Bilara Group (Nagaur-Ganganagar Basin, India): Constraints on intrabasinal correlation and global sulfur cycle

Mazumdar

Strauß

2006

Precambrian Research

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Sulphur isotopic evolution of Neoproterozoic-Cambrian seawater: new francolite-bound sulphate δ34S data and a critical appraisal of the existing record

Cited by 83 publications

References 51 publications

Proterozoic sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) deposits and links to evolving global ocean chemistry

Proterozoic sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) deposits and links to evolving global ocean chemistry

The Weng'an Biota (Doushantuo Formation): an Ediacaran window on soft-bodied and multicellular microorganisms

Sulfur and strontium isotopic compositions of carbonate and evaporite rocks from the late Neoproterozoic–early Cambrian Bilara Group (Nagaur-Ganganagar Basin, India): Constraints on intrabasinal correlation and global sulfur cycle

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