Sulphur cycling and its implications on sulphur fertilizer requirements of grazed grassland ecosystems

Nguyen, M. L.; Goh, K. M.

doi:10.1016/0167-8809(94)90007-8

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…We applied 29.1 g of dry matter to each synthetic patch to a circular area of 0.018 m 2 similar to that used in experiments in New Zealand by Williams and Haynes (1995) and typical of many patches we observed in the field. On a daily basis cattle defecate less frequently than sheep but the weight of faeces produced by cattle (360-600 g) and the area of soil covered by the faeces (0.05-0.09 m 2 ) is greater than for sheep (Nguyen and Goh 1994). The decomposition of faeces depends on its chemical constituents, which is influenced by the quality of the herbage consumed.…”

Section: Faeces Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dickinson and Craig (1990) showed that covering cattle faecal pats to protect them from the direct effects of rainfall substantially reduced their rate of decomposition, but the faeces continued to decay through the action of soil organisms, stimulated by water ingress from surrounding soil. Thus, faeces in the field are exposed to both the direct physical effects of rainfall impaction and its effect in stimulating invading organisms such as earthworms and fungi (Hirschberger and Bauer 1994;Nguyen and Goh 1994;White 1960).…”

Section: Solubility Of Elements In Faecesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sheep faeces can be in the form of pads or pellets depending on the water and structural carbohydrate content of the diet (Haynes and Williams 1993;Rowarth et al 1985). The weight of a single defecation may vary between 6 and 57 g of dry matter (Nguyen and Goh 1994;Whitehead 2000). We applied 29.1 g of dry matter to each synthetic patch to a circular area of 0.018 m 2 similar to that used in experiments in New Zealand by Williams and Haynes (1995) and typical of many patches we observed in the field.…”

Section: Faeces Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of sheep faeces on soil solution composition

Shand

Coutts

2006

Plant Soil

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To elucidate changes occurring in soil solution under sheep faeces we collected faeces from sheep grazing on an improved podzol in Scotland in summer and re-applied it (150 g of fresh weight) to patches, each with an area of 0.018 m 2 . Faeces and/or intact soil cores (0-50 mm deep) from underneath the patches were sampled at intervals up to 224 days and nutrients measured in the soil solution isolated by centrifugation. The treatment with faeces increased the soil solution concentrations of P, N, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), Ca, Mg and K. The greatest increases occurred at day 56 for P, Ca, Mg and K, day 84 for N, and day 112 for DOC. Most of the P in the faeces applied to the soil was in inorganic form, but organic P made a substantial proportion (nearly 50%) of the P in soil solution at the time of maximum effect. The faecal residue became indistinguishable from the soil between 84 and 112 days following periods of persistent rainfall. The data provides a new insight into the effects of sheep faeces on soil solution composition unperturbed by chemical extraction and a contrast with the effects of sheep urine on soil solution composition.

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Section: Faeces Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solubility Of Elements In Faecesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Faeces Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of sheep faeces on soil solution composition

Shand

Coutts

2006

Plant Soil

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“…O conhecimento da dose de enxofre adequada para atender as necessidades da planta forrageira é importante não só pela magnitude da extração como também pela possível perda do nutriente por lixiviação, que é favorecida pela correção do solo, pela fosfatagem e pela irrigação (Nguyen & Goh, 1994). Santos & Monteiro (1999), em condições controladas, obtiveram aumento na produção de MS e no número de perfilhos de Brachiaria brizantha cv.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Fertilização com N e S na recuperação de pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu em neossolo quartzarênico

Oliveira

Oliveira²,

Corsi

2005

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Com o objetivo de avaliar a resposta de pastagens degradadas de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu ao uso de diferentes doses de fertilização com N e S, foi desenvolvido um experimento em campo durante dois anos, em área de cerrado em blocos ao acaso. Foram avaliados sete tratamentos, seis com diferentes combinações de doses de N e S e uma testemunha (pastagem degradada). As combinações foram: 70 kg ha -1 N sem enxofre, 140 kg ha -1 N sem enxofre, 210 kg ha -1 N sem enxofre, 70 kg ha -1 N e 77 kg ha -1 S, 140 kg ha -1 N e 153 kg ha -1 S, 210 kg ha -1 N e 230 kg ha -1 S. A reposta em produção de forragem ao uso de fertilização nitrogenada foi linear, com maior eficiência de uso do nitrogênio no segundo ano de manejo. A maior produção de forragem foi acompanhada por maior extração de N e queda nos teores de matéria orgânica no solo. A extração de enxofre foi menor que as doses de S empregadas. O critério da relação N:S na forragem na nutrição mineral da forrageira foi recomendado apenas na época das águas. Houve acúmulo de enxofre nas camadas subsuperficiais do solo.Palavras-chave: degradação, fertilizantes, uréia, sulfato de amônio, relação N:S, nutrientes N and S Fertilization and Recovery of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu Pasture on Sandy SoilABSTRACT -An experiment was carried out during two years on Cerrado soil with the objective of evaluating the response of degraded Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pastures to different N and S fertilization doses. Seven treatments, six with different N and S combinations and a control (degraded pasture), were compared in a randomized complete blocks design. The combinations were: 70 kg ha -1 N without sulphur, 140 kg ha -1 N without sulphur, 210 kg ha -1 N without sulphur, 70 kg ha -1 N and 77 kg ha -1 S, 140 kg ha -1 N and 153 kg ha -1 S, 210 kg ha -1 N and 230 kg ha -1 S. Herbage yield response to nitrogen rates was linear, and the best efficiency of nitrogen use was obtained in the second year. The highest herbage yield was associated with higher extraction of N and smaller soil organic matter content. The sulfur extraction was lower than S doses. The N:S ratio as a criterion of the forage mineral nutrition was effective only in the rainy season. There was sulphur accumulation in deeper layers of soil.

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“…All soils are rich in iron. The carbon to sulphur ratio in Meuse-north is twice as high as in Meuse-south (C/S=161 and 86, respectively), which is higher than commonly observed for pastures (Nguyen and Goh (1994) report a mean value of 90). Net-loss of S in this flood plain soil is not very likely, since surface water provides a significant Ssource during floods (40-70 mg.l −1 SO 4 2− (Waterbase 1999(Waterbase -2008).…”

Section: Floodplain Soil Reductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Delayed immobilization of heavy metals in soils and sediments under reducing and anaerobic conditions; consequences for flooding and storage

Vink

Harmsen²,

Rijnaarts

2010

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose The consequences of permanent inundation and storage of flood plain soils and aquatic sediments on metal mobility were studied. The main goal was to quantify kinetic mobilisation processes in order to pinpoint the conditions that pose emission risks to groundwater and surface waters. Materials and methods Anaerobic pore water compositions of six existing depots, containing sediments from either aquatic or terrestrial origin, were measured to obtain reliable field references. Reduction experiments were performed with SOFIE cells, in which time-dynamic measurements of reducing pore waters were carried out at the reigning redox conditions. A parallel experiment tested the possibility if sulfide-deficiencies could be compensated by the reduction of added gypsum, thus increasing the available pool of reactive S. Model calculations were performed to distinguish between the thermodynamic and kinetic processes. Results and discussion Reduction of flood plain soils showed that dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentrations increased up to 7-fold over time, as a result of nutrient-mediated metabolic boost of organic matter degrading microorganisms. The association of metals to DOM increased significantly due to the loss of reactive Mn-oxide and Fe-oxyhydroxide sorption phases during reduction. DOM released metals only slowly, therefore kinetically hindering the phase shifting to stable metalsulfide precipitates. The observed effects lasted at least 10 months. In aquatic sediments, reduction rates of sulphates were six times faster, and the release of DOM occurred in lower amounts than in soils from terrestrial origin. It is shown that the addition of gypsum stimulates the formation of sulfides, thereby decreasing dissolved concentrations of most metals. On the short term however, the addition of gypsum leads to elevated concentrations of Zn and Cd due to increased electrolyte strength and subsequent Ca-metal-competition for sorption sites. This effect may be eliminated by not only adding an electron acceptor to the sediment, but also an effective donor, e.g., degradable organic matter. Conclusions For depots containing flood plain soils, the same kinetic mechanisms were observed as in the reduction experiments (elevated production of DOM and associated metals). It was concluded that reduction of flood plain soils may not necessarily result in efficient metal trapping. When storage is considered, a distinction should be made between sediments of terrestrial and aquatic origin.

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Sulphur cycling and its implications on sulphur fertilizer requirements of grazed grassland ecosystems

Cited by 41 publications

References 113 publications

The effects of sheep faeces on soil solution composition

The effects of sheep faeces on soil solution composition

Fertilização com N e S na recuperação de pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu em neossolo quartzarênico

Delayed immobilization of heavy metals in soils and sediments under reducing and anaerobic conditions; consequences for flooding and storage

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