Sulphur-Containing Compounds as a Response in Sea Urchins Exposed to Alkylated Silicon Nanocrystals and SiO₂-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Abstract

2016) 'Sulphur-containing compounds as a response in sea urchins exposed to alkylated silicon nanocrystals and SiO2-coated iron oxide nanoparticles.', Key engineering materials., 672 . pp. 312-327. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientic.net/KEM.672.312Publisher's copyright statement:Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Abstract. We report the effects of exposure to alkylated silicon nanocrystals ('alkyl-SiNCs' at concentration ~ 7.2 mg/L) and -Fe2O3 nanoparticles coated with ultra-thin silica ('SiO2-coated IONPs' at concentration ~ 150 mg/L) on sea urchins Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula, respectively, studied with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscpoies using excitation from a synchrotron light source. A remarkably low mortality and low incidence of skeletal deformation is observed for exposure to both types of nanoparticles studied, despite the high concentrations employed in this work. XRF mapping demonstrates that both types of nanoparticle are found to agglomerate in the body of the sea urchins. FTIR spectra indicates that alkyl-SiNCs remain intact after ingestion and corresponding XRF maps show increased an oxygen throughout the organisms, possibly related to oxidation products arising from reactive oxygen species generated in the presence of the nanoparticles. Exposure to SiO2-coated IONPs is found to produce sulphur-containing species, which may be the result of a biological response in order to reduce the toxicity of the nanomaterial.

Biomineralix (COST Action TD0903), 2009-2014: An Overview

“…To reach these objectives, different models have been used, among which octocorals, molluscs and echinoderms. For octocorals, one of the consortium partners (D. Vielzeuf) has shown the multilevel modular mesocrystalline organization of the skeleton [56,72]. In addition, elemental compositions show that the deposition of minor elements (Mg) follows a seasonal cycle while the general growth patterns occurs according to two growth modes: a 'block and cement' mode taking place at the apex of a branch and associated with a fast axial growth rate and a layer-by-layer mode occurring below the apex and associated with a slow radial growth.…”

“…The techniques used were microprobe analysis, Raman spectroscopy, EDS, WDS spectroscopy and mapping. The activity of WG3 resulted in several publications [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75] and in 9 short-term scientific missions.…”

“…About half of these 80 published/in press papers are joint publications (publications from at least two partners of the network). Six additional papers have been submitted or are in preparation [22,52,61,72,81,82]. Above all, 5 PhD theses have been defended [19,49,56,63,67] Biomineralization: From Fundamentals to Biomaterials & Environmental Issues…”