Sulphate Doped Polypyrrole Tin Composite for the Lithium Ion Battery Anode and Its Electrochemical Performance Evaluation

Abstract

The sulphate doped polypyrrole (PPy) is encapsulated over the tin nano particles using ammonium per sulphates as a polymerizing agent. The XRD, SEM and HRTEM analysis confirms the formation of Sn-PPy composite. Laser Raman and FTIR evidenced for bi-polaron. The conductive PPy prevents the isolation of Sn from the conductive wire, which act as a current collector and backbone as well. The Sn-PPy composites exhibits nominal reversible capacity 698, 878, 791 and 842 mAh g-1 for bare Sn, 80:20, 90:10 and 95:5 Sn-PPy respectively at 100 mA g-1. 80:20 Sn-PPy exhibits superior performance at different current densities. At 400 mA g-1 it delivers ~300 mAh g-1 with the capacity retention of 96% over the studied 50 cycles. The charge transfer resistance for the Sn-PPy 80:20 composite showing comparatively lesser value ~39 Ω. Thus, the composite’s anodic characteristics is well pronounced to be used in lithium ion batteries.