Sulodexide Prevents Peritoneal Fibrosis by Downregulating the Expression of TGF-β1 and Its Signaling Pathway Molecules

Abstract

Peritoneal dialysis is one of the main renal replacement treatments. However, long-term peritoneal dialysis keeps the peritoneum in contact with the sugar-containing nonphysiological peritoneal fluid, which leads to recurrent peritonitis, peritoneal fibrosis, and failure of ultrafiltration. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), related cytokines, and inflammatory factors are closely related to peritoneal fibrosis. Sulodexide (SLX) is a new type of glycosaminoglycan preparation, which is involved in the formation of an anionic charge barrier and can maintain the selective permeability of vascular endothelial cells. In this study, the innovative analysis of SLX specifically prevents the process of peritoneal dialysis peritoneal fibrosis by downregulating the expression of TGF-β1 and its signaling pathway molecules. We randomly divided 30 rats into three groups. The blank control group received no treatment. The peritoneal dialysis model group was injected with 4.25% peritoneal dialysate (PDF) 20 ml daily, and the SLX group was injected with 4.25% PDF 20 ml + sulodexide (SLX) 20 mg/kg daily. After 8 weeks of dialysis, the rats were sacrificed, and the peritoneal function test was performed to determine the amount of glucose transport and ultrafiltration. The thickness of peritoneal per unit area was observed under high magnification. The level of inflammation in peritoneal tissue and the expression of TGF-β1/Smad were detected. The results showed that SLX can significantly improve peritoneal tissue thickening and inflammation, can downregulate the expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad7 in peritoneal tissue, and improve the progression of peritoneal fibrosis.

Nf-κβ Inhibitor – Dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin Reduces Iron Iso-Maltoside Toxicity Towards Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells

“…Simultaneous exposure to DHMEQ reduced all these effects. In the experimental study on rats Duan and coworkers found that downregulation of the TGFβ1 expression with sulodexide reduced peritoneal fibrosis caused by chronic peritoneal dialysis [26]. The antifibrotic effect of DHMEQ was shown in keloid fibroblasts [27], kidneys [28] and peritoneal mesothelial cells exposed to the effluent dialysates [8].…”

Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis Caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans: A Case Report and Literature Review

“… 12 , 13 In addition to antimicrobial resistance, other issues that arise during the treatment of peritonitis caused by A xylosoxidans include the need for catheter removal, risk of relapse or recurrence, and potential for complications such as peritoneal fibrosis or encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis. 14 , 15 Therefore, early recognition, prompt treatment, and close monitoring of peritonitis episodes caused by A xylosoxidans are essential to minimize its negative impact on patient outcomes. 16 …”

Retracted: Sulodexide Prevents Peritoneal Fibrosis by Downregulating the Expression of TGF-β1 and Its Signaling Pathway Molecules

“…This article has been retracted by Hindawi, as publisher, following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [ 1 ]. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication and peer-review process.…”