Sulfur stoichiometry driven chalcopyrite and pyrite structure of spray pyrolyzed Cu-alloyed FeS2 thin films

Rana, Tanka Raj; Khadka, Dhruba B.; Kim, Junho

doi:10.1016/j.mssp.2015.06.083

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Alongside they found bandgap narrowing by substitutional incorporation of zinc in Z x Fe 1‐x S 2 alloys . Up till now, numerous dopants have been investigated (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu,, Zn, Ti, Se, Sn, Al, P, As, Sb, Cr, Au„ Ru, Nd, for modification and improvement of iron pyrite properties. M x Fe 1‐x S 2 ternaries exhibit enhanced properties than FeS 2 , which can make the materials attractive as window material in heterojunction photovoltaic devices: pyrite organic, inorganic and hybrid solar cells.…”

Section: Doped Pyrite For Photovoltaicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocrystalline Pyrite for Photovoltaic Applications

et al. 2018

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Transition metal sulfides (TMSs) are of special interest in energy conversion and storage devices. Amongst all sulfides, fool's gold or iron pyrite (FeS 2 ) is potentially an attractive candidate for photovoltaic applications. Iron pyrite has risen to prominence due to its distinct properties and abundance in nature to meet the large scale needs. It is considered as environmentally benign solar absorber material with high absorption coefficient, α > 6 x10 5 cm À 1 for λ � 700 nm and suitable energy bandgap (E g = 0.95 eV). Numerous physical and chemical methods have been employed to deposit nanocrystalline pyrite thin films directly from source materials or indirectly by sulfuration. This review gives an overview of pyrite as a low cost photovoltaic absorber material for contemporary solar cell structures. In addition, practical approaches like the rational design of nanocomposites, band gap engineering and nanostructure synthesis of pyrite for improving its properties particularly photovoltaic properties are also deliberated. Moreover, limitations, challenges, remedies and prospects of pyrite as potential photovoltaic material are also reviewed to further advance the development of pyrite-based solar cell configurations.[a] Dr.at a low precursor concentration, pyrite nanocubes (125-250 nm in 20-180 min) were obtained due to low nuclei concentration and slow growth (diffusion limited) in quasiequilibrium. The anisotropic structures nanodendrites were 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Section: Doped Pyrite For Photovoltaicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocrystalline Pyrite for Photovoltaic Applications

et al. 2018

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“…Furthermore, the carrier concentration is in the same order of magnitude and the mobility is reduced from the literature values, which can be credited to the morphology of the sample. This affects the overall conductivity, which tends to be lower than the literature-reported values for p-type CFS [26,45]. SEM and EDXS measurements of the CuFe precursor (FeCu-03, pre-sulfurized Sample 18) can be visualized in Supplementary Note S7.…”

Section: Optimized Cfs Thin Filmmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Nonetheless, various techniques are employed to convert bulk CFS into thin films. They include sputtering [11] from high-density spark-plasma sintered (SPS) materials [7,12,21], flash methods [22,23], spray pyrolysis [24][25][26], and thermal evaporation [27]. Evaporation is considered the cheapest and least complex method due to its higher deposition rate and the use of readily available powders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing CuFeS2 Chalcopyrite Thin Film Synthesis: A Comprehensive Three-Step Approach Using Ball-Milling, Thermal Evaporation, and Sulfurization Applied for Thermoelectric Generation

Malagutti,

Lohani,

D’Incau

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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CuFeS2 (CFS) stands out as a promising narrow band-gap semiconductor for thermoelectric (TE) applications. However, its high lattice thermal conductivity is one of the factors hampering its potential for TE generation. A common strategy for tackling this problem is to produce this material in thin film form. Thus, this study aims to practically understand and optimize the synthesis of CFS 2D materials using a simple three-step approach of ball-milling, thermal evaporation, and sulfurization of the CuFe metallic precursors. The tools for thin film characterization employ X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDXS), and Hall-effect measurements. DFT phase diagrams are also used to understand the energy of formation of the secondary phases present in the film. Here, we highlight that the ball-milling mechanisms, allied with high vacuum and high energy density during evaporation, are essential for the interdiffusion of Cu and Fe during the evaporation process. The film presented a flower-like morphology and p-type semiconducting behavior. A proof-of-concept Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) was designed in an in-plane geometry, showing a power output per unit active area of 114 nW cm−2 (ΔT = 180 °C), comparable to other Cu-based materials, thus demonstrating the feasibility of this method of synthesis for TE applications.

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