Sulfur in Fungicides

Baldwin, M. M.

doi:10.1021/ie50491a022

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The strong antibacterial activity of hexathionate reveals that active sulfur, which is derived from the hydrolysis of polythionates, plays an essential role in the bactericidal abilities of polythionates. 23,24 Since the reaction between the base and sulfuric acid, which resulted from the hydrolysis of potassium polythionates, stimulates the hydrolytic reaction and results in the formation of more active sulfur, to prove the antibacterial hypothesis of active-sulfur release of potassium polythionates, MIC and MBC tests were performed after a Lewis base (e.g., urea, potassium carbonate), with the same weight as that of the potassium polythionates, was added to the solution of the polythionates. 23,24 Since the reaction between the base and sulfuric acid, which resulted from the hydrolysis of potassium polythionates, stimulates the hydrolytic reaction and results in the formation of more active sulfur, to prove the antibacterial hypothesis of active-sulfur release of potassium polythionates, MIC and MBC tests were performed after a Lewis base (e.g., urea, potassium carbonate), with the same weight as that of the potassium polythionates, was added to the solution of the polythionates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial activities of polythionates enhanced by carbonates

Guo-fang

Zhao

et al. 2015

Med. Chem. Commun.

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Inorganic antibiotics, with low cost, low occurrence of antibacterial resistance, and long-term effects, have attracted great research interest and have been widely used in many fields. However, few investigations have focused on the antibacterial properties of polythionates due to their synthetic difficulty and commercial unavailability. In this work, the antibacterial properties of polythionates, prepared through a new and facile fabrication method, were measured by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and cup diffusion methods. Moreover, we have proven for the first time that application of polythionates with different bases (carbonate, urea) exhibits enhanced antibacterial activity compared to application of pure polythionates. The increase in antibacterial activity is related to the formation of active sulfur species from the decomposition of polythionates that is promoted by the increase in pH. The MIC of potassium hexathionate against Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative P. aeruginosa, enhanced by adding potassium carbonate, was 7.81 μg mL −1 and 0.98 μg mL −1 , respectively. Therefore, the mixture of polythionate and carbonate is promising as a cheap and sustained antibacterial candidate.Med. Chem. Commun. This journal is

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20,21 Sodium thiosulfate is used primarily as an antidote to cyanide and arsenic poisoning. 23,24 Nevertheless, the water insolubility of sulfur limits the application scope of this cheap drug. 23,24 Nevertheless, the water insolubility of sulfur limits the application scope of this cheap drug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activities of polythionates enhanced by carbonates

Guo-fang

Zhao

et al. 2015

Med. Chem. Commun.

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“…ES is a long known antimicrobial agent and was broadly used to control several spp. of bacteria and fungi [2,16]. However, large volume requirement and acquired resistance among the target microbes rendered ES ineffective and obsolete in the agro-medical sectors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effects of Sulfur Nanoparticles on Membrane Lipids of Aspergillus niger: A Novel Route of Fungistasis

2012

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Orthorhombic (spherical; ~10 nm) and monoclinic (cylindrical; ~50 nm) sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) were synthesized and examined for their effects on the total lipid content and desaturase enzymes of Aspergillus niger. Synthesized SNPs were characterized for size with transmission electron microscopy, elemental composition with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and allotropic nature with X-ray diffraction pattern. Both the SNPs considerably reduced total lipid content of the treated fungal isolates with significant down regulation of the expression of various desaturase enzymes (linoleoyl-CoA desaturase, stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase and phosphatidylcholine desaturase). Unusual high accumulation of saturated fatty acids with depleted lipid layer can be inferred as one of the major reasons of SNPs mediated fungistasis.

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“…; Brock and Madigan ). This nonsystemic and contact AA was widely used in agro‐medical sectors in its wettable form, dust form, colloidal form or in combination with other synthetic and organic pesticides (Baldwin ; Rose et al . ).…”

Section: Elemental Sulphur: the Oldest Known Antimicrobial Agentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supramolecular reactive sulphur nanoparticles: a novel and efficient antimicrobial agent

Choudhury

Goswami

2012

J Appl Microbiol

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Summary Antimicrobial resistance continues to be an inexorable threat for the biomedical and biochemical researchers. Despite the novel discoveries in drug designing and delivery, high‐throughput screening and surveillance data render the prospects for new antimicrobial agents as bleak as ever. The advent of nanotechnology, however, strengthens pharmacology by offering effective therapeutics to treat this aforementioned problem. Several nanoparticles of the known elements have already been reported for their antimicrobial efficacy. Nanosized fabrication of elemental sulphur with suitable surface modifications offers to retrieve the use of sulphur (man's oldest known ecofriendly microbicide) as a potential antimicrobial agent. Sulphur nanoparticles (SNPs) are effective against both conventionally sulphur‐resistant and sulphur‐susceptible microbes (fungi and bacteria). Moreover, biocompatible polymers present on the surface of SNPs minimize toxicity during application. Here, we focus on various aspects of physicochemical features of SNPs and their biochemical interactions with microbes. The present review also illustrates the effects of SNPs on plants and animals in terms of cytotoxicity and biocompatibility.

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Sulfur in Fungicides

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

Antibacterial activities of polythionates enhanced by carbonates

Antibacterial activities of polythionates enhanced by carbonates

Inhibitory Effects of Sulfur Nanoparticles on Membrane Lipids of Aspergillus niger: A Novel Route of Fungistasis

Supramolecular reactive sulphur nanoparticles: a novel and efficient antimicrobial agent

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