Sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, total reduced sulfur, chlorinated hydrocarbons and photochemical oxidants in southern California museums

Surface ozone variability over western Maharashtra, India

“…The surface O 3 is also responsible for the present rapid forest decline and reduces the lifespan of various materials like rubber, concrete building, painting, etc. [11]. Further, O 3 is a powerful greenhouse gas as it absorbs the radiation at 9.6 m wavelength emitted by earth's surface.…”

“…combustion which leads to the emission of nitrogen oxides (NO x = NO + NO 2 ) and volatile organic compounds (VOC), a major precursor of O 3 ) are responsible to increase the concentration of O 3 at the surface of the earth. The residence time (life cycle) of O 3 in the lower troposphere varies according to season and altitudes between a few days (5)(6)(7)(8) at the ground level and a few weeks (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) in the free troposphere. The high O 3 concentrations and their long persistence times have now become a new and frightening aspect of life on our planet.…”

Surface ozone variation at Bhubaneswar and intra-corelationship study with various parameters

“…Rising Ozone mixing ratio in the troposphere has been a cause of concern due to its potential effect on the atmosphere as an oxidising agent as well as a greenhouse gas (National Research Council 1991;Mickley et al 2001). As a photochemical oxidant, tropospheric ozone has an adverse effect on human health, damages the green cover and also participates in the decay of urban infrastructure (Crutzen 1974;Heck et al 1982;Schutt and Cowling 1985;Woodman and Cowling 1987;Logan 1989;Hisham and Grosjean 1991;Kjaergaard et al 2003). Concentration of various air pollutants varies in spatial and temporal scale depending on sources of pollution, terrain topography and meteorological conditions along with boundary layer dynamics (Cartalis and Varotsos 1994;Kumar et al 2010).…”

Indoor Air Pollutants and the Impact on Human Health

“…Because of air exchange, indoor levels are generally higher when outdoor levels increase (Hoek et al, 1989;Rowe et al, 1991;Hisham & Grosjean, 1991;Spengler et al, 1994;Weschler et al, 1994;Baek et al, 1997). However, enhanced indoor levels can be found when combustion sources are present.…”

“…The measured ratio of indoor-to-outdoor concentrations of ozone vary from 0.1 to 1, but are typically around 0.3-0.5 (e.g., Druzik et al, 1990;Hisham & Grosjean, 1991;Liu et al, 1993;Weschler et al, 1989Weschler et al, , 1994Gold et al, 1996;Jakobi & Fabian, 1997;Avol et al, 1998;Drakou et al, 1998;Romieu et al, 1998). Buildings with low air exchange with outside air tend to have lower ratios, ~0.1-0.3 (Druzik et al, 1990;Weschler et al, 1994;Romieu et al, 1998).…”