Sulfur Compounds

Weil, Edward D.; Sandler, Stanley R.

doi:10.1002/0471238961.1921120623050912.a01

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…In addition, sodium sulfite was used as the control material for the emulsifiers. Sodium sulfite is added to various food and beverages (concentrations from 0.03 to 1.5 g/kg) as a preservative and as an antioxidant ( 595 ), but unlike emulsifiers, sodium sulfites are large hygroscopic molecules, not easily digested, which may increase fecal bulk ( 596 ). Sodium sulfite has been shown to impact composition and yield of fecal fiber, affect granular structure of resistant starches ( 597 ), and prevent the formation of lignans, correlating with lower recoveries of fecal neutral detergent fibers ( 598 ).…”

Section: The Complexity Of Pantropic Interactions Between Microbes Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal Interactions between Genetics, Diet, and Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

et al. 2016

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Numerous reviews have discussed gut microbiota composition changes during inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), particularly Crohn's disease (CD). However, most studies address the observed effects by focusing on studying the univariate connection between disease and dietary-induced alterations to gut microbiota composition. The possibility that these effects may reflect a number of other interconnected (i.e., pantropic) mechanisms, activated in parallel, particularly concerning various bacterial metabolites, is in the process of being elucidated. Progress seems, however, hampered by various difficult-to-study factors interacting at the mucosal level. Here, we highlight some of such factors that merit consideration, namely: (1) the contribution of host genetics and diet in altering gut microbiome, and in turn, the crosstalk among secondary metabolic pathways; (2) the interdependence between the amount of dietary fat, the fatty acid composition, the effects of timing and route of administration on gut microbiota community, and the impact of microbiota-derived fatty acids; (3) the effect of diet on bile acid composition, and the modulator role of bile acids on the gut microbiota; (4) the impact of endogenous and exogenous intestinal micronutrients and metabolites; and (5) the need to consider food associated toxins and chemicals, which can introduce confounding immune modulating elements (e.g., antioxidant and phytochemicals in oils and proteins). These concepts, which are not mutually exclusive, are herein illustrated paying special emphasis on physiologically inter-related processes.

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Section: The Complexity Of Pantropic Interactions Between Microbes Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal Interactions between Genetics, Diet, and Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

et al. 2016

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“…Sulfur dioxide, SO 2 , has long been recognized as a polluting product of coal and natural gas combustion. It acts as a respiratory irritant at concentrations as low as 2 ppm, and it oxidizes slowly in air to sulfur trioxide, SO 3 , a major contributor to acid rain. Minimizing or eliminating sulfur dioxide emissions represents a worthy socioeconomic goal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of M−S, M−O, and M-(η²−SO) Structures and Bond Dissociation Energies in d⁶ (CO)₅M(SO₂)^nq Complexes Using Density Functional Theory

Retzer

Gilbert

2003

Inorg. Chem.

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Density functional theory studies of the series of isomeric d(6) (pentacarbonyl)metal complexes (CO)(5)M(eta(1)-SO(2))(nq), (CO)(5)M(eta(1)-OSO)(nq)(), and (CO)(5)M(eta(2)-SO(2))(nq) (M = Ti-Hf, nq = 2-; M = V-Ta, nq = 1-; M = Cr -W, nq = 0; M = Mn-Re, nq = 1+; M = Fe-Os, nq = 2+) provide accurate structural modeling and quantitative prediction of the relative stabilities of the isomers. The eta(1)-S-bound complexes display planar SO(2) moieties that adopt staggered orientations with respect to the carbonyl ligands, in keeping with experimental observations. The OSO chain in the eta(1)-O-bound complexes generally adopts the u-shape with a staggered orientation. The dianions (CO)(5)(Ti-Hf)(eta(1)-OSO)(2-) differ in that the OSO chain adopts the eclipsed z-shape orientation. The eta(2)-SO(2) complexes exhibit a facial interaction and are stable only for anionic and neutral complexes, supporting the view that this motif involves substantial M --> SO(2) pi-back-bonding. The relative stabilities of the isomers generally follow u-shaped trends both across a row and down a family. This fits with qualitative ideas that the bond dissociation energies (BDEs) for the (CO)(5)M(SO(2))(nq) complexes track competition between relative hardness/softness of the metal fragment and its capacity for pi-back-bonding. Quantitatively, examination of BDEs by bond energy decomposition approaches suggests that electrostatic considerations dominate bonding for the eta(1)-SO(2) complexes and covalent effects dominate for the eta(2)-SO(2) species, while both are important for eta(1)-OSO complexes.

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“…The removal of H 2 S from gas streams is achieved using the Claus process [17]. This is a gas phase catalytic process that is performed at high temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical desulfurization of geothermal fluids under high temperature and pressure

et al. 2008

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Electrochemical removal of sulfide ions was achieved in salt water using graphite anodes in an autoclave under high temperatures and pressures, simulating geothermal fluids. The reaction products were characterized using microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). At low temperatures the reaction rate is quite small. It decreases rapidly with time down to a negligibly small value, which increases only slightly with temperature. The reaction produces elemental sulfur, which was seen under the microscope and identified using XPS. It passivates the electrode and hence diminishes its activity. Above about 115°C, much higher removal rates can be sustained for much longer times, while the increase of temperature has a much stronger effect on the reaction rate. Under this condition, elemental sulfur was no longer detected among the reaction products, while the electrode retained its activity for continuous operation. The XPS spectra at high temperatures reveal the presence of oxygen bearing sulfur species, such as sulfates. The melting of sulfur (at 115°C) has a much stronger effect on the efficiency of the process than the transition of orthorhombic to monoclinic sulfur (at 95°C). A Clausius-Clapeyron's analysis reveals that the melting point of sulfur inside the autoclave is nearly equal to its normal melting point.

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Sulfur Compounds

Cited by 7 publications

References 135 publications

Mucosal Interactions between Genetics, Diet, and Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Mucosal Interactions between Genetics, Diet, and Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Comparison of M−S, M−O, and M-(η²−SO) Structures and Bond Dissociation Energies in d⁶ (CO)₅M(SO₂)^nq Complexes Using Density Functional Theory

Electrochemical desulfurization of geothermal fluids under high temperature and pressure

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Sulfur Compounds

Cited by 7 publications

References 135 publications

Mucosal Interactions between Genetics, Diet, and Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Mucosal Interactions between Genetics, Diet, and Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Comparison of M−S, M−O, and M-(η2−SO) Structures and Bond Dissociation Energies in d6 (CO)5M(SO2)nq Complexes Using Density Functional Theory

Electrochemical desulfurization of geothermal fluids under high temperature and pressure

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Comparison of M−S, M−O, and M-(η²−SO) Structures and Bond Dissociation Energies in d⁶ (CO)₅M(SO₂)^nq Complexes Using Density Functional Theory