Sulfonation

Abstract

THE present review covers contributions to the art of sulfonation reported in the published literature from about 1941 to the forepart of 1947. In general, this review embraces material reported in Chemical Abstracts as well as information about sulfonation processes used in Germany as described in various government reports-e.g., British Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee Final Reports (BIOS reports), Field Information Agency Technical Final Reports of the U. S. Government (FIAT reports), and others. The review is limited to INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY Vol. 40,No. 9 of unreacted oil suitable for recycling. The I.G. Farbenindustrie manufactured Mersolates-i.e., mixtures of Ci6 and Ci6 alkyl

Sulfonation and Sulfation with Sulfur Trioxide

“…Conclusions were drawn as follows. Addition of benzene to the liquid yields less sulfone than the reverse procedure; the same observation was reported using sulfur dioxide as solvent (S3), Sulfone formation from benzene is high using sulfur trioxide as either liquor or vapor, and in general agrees with the figures given in the literature (35). It• can be substantially reduced by use of the "heel technique," but is still higher than as reported using solvents.…”

“…Direct sulfonation of aromatic hydrocarbons with liquid sulfur trioxide in the absence of an inert solvent has not been studied previously. Benzene (35) and toluene (33) have been made to react with the vapor, and benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, and naphthalene have been treated with sulfur trioxide dissolved in chloroform (14,33,57). Benzene has been made to react with sulfur trioxide in liquid sulfur dioxide (8, 9, 33, 33) and with dioxane-sulfur trioxide complex (57).…”

Sulfonation and Sulfation

“…The use of the thioxane-sulfur trioxide adduct for olefin sulfonation, previously patented in the United States (234,236,248), has been patented in England (133). The use of the thioxane-sulfur trioxide adduct for olefin sulfonation, previously patented in the United States (234,236,248), has been patented in England (133).…”

“…The United States analog appeared previously (225,248). The United States analog appeared previously (225,248).…”

“…In examples, hexadecene is converted (after neutralization) to the sodium hydroxy7 sulfonate, and ethylene to earbyl sulfate. The use of the thioxane-sulfur trioxide adduct for olefin sulfonation, previously patented in the United States (284,236,248), has been patented in England (139). Examples are given of the conversion of a variety of commercially available olefins to the unsaturated sulfonates, as well as preparation of the adduct by7 several procedures.…”