Sulfonated porous organic polymer supported Zeigler-Natta polypropylene catalysts with high stereoregularity and broad molecular weight distribution

Porous Organic Polymers-Supported Zeigler-Natta Catalysts for Preparing Highly Isotactic Polypropylene with Broad Molecular Weight Distribution

“…A Bruker D8 ADVANCE (Bruker, Karsruher, Germany) was adopted to conduct powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å). Ti and Mg element analyses were conducted on a VISTA ICP-MPX (Varian, Palo Alto, CA, USA) [ 34 ]. Molecular weight and its distribution was performed on a GPC-IR instrument (Polymer Char, Valencia, Spain) at 135 °C using 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) as a solvent.…”

“…Temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF) was carried out on a Polymer Char model 200+ from Spain using TCB as solvent [ 6 ]. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization was conducted on an ESCA Lab 250 spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) with Al Kα radiation at 1486.6 eV [ 34 ]. A 13 C NMR analysis was conducted on a 500 MHz Bruker (Breika, Massachusetts, USA) at 120 °C using o-C 6 H 4 Cl 2 /o-C 6 D 4 Cl 2 (50% v / v ) as a solvent [ 34 ].…”

“…X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization was conducted on an ESCA Lab 250 spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) with Al Kα radiation at 1486.6 eV [ 34 ]. A 13 C NMR analysis was conducted on a 500 MHz Bruker (Breika, Massachusetts, USA) at 120 °C using o-C 6 H 4 Cl 2 /o-C 6 D 4 Cl 2 (50% v / v ) as a solvent [ 34 ]. A Philips XL20 was adopted to perform the scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis.…”

“…The integrated design and preparation of POP-based PP catalysts may provide a feasible and practical route for future industrial applications [ 33 , 34 ]. By the design and selection of functional comonomer(s), and the optimization of POP synthesis conditions, for example, the solvent solubility parameter, etc., used in a dispersion polymerization, highly flowable POP support with excellent morphology and controllable pore structure and particle size could be obtained.…”

“…The selected functional monomer(s) would have an important influence in both the particle-forming of POP support and the modulation of the chemical environment of metal active sites, which determines the microstructure of the produced polyolefins. In our recent work, 4-vinylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium was selected as the functional comonomer in the synthesis of POP, and the sulfonated POP-based Ziegler–Natta PP catalysts exhibited excellent stereoselectivity [ 34 ], although the produced PP particles obtained relatively low bulk density due to the sulfonated POP support. Highly flowable POPs with relatively high bulk density were also reported by our group, and the POP-based metallocene catalyst exhibited excellent polymerization activities, polymer physical properties and industrialization potential [ 38 ].…”