Sulfonated poly(propylene oxide) oligomers/Nafion® acid-base blend membranes for DMFC

Effects and properties of various molecular weights of poly(propylene oxide) oligomers/Nafion® acid–base blend membranes for direct methanol fuel cells

“…Good compatibility of the components was evident because of following two reasons: (i) the acid-base interactions between amines and sulfonic acid protons; (ii) the backbone of poly(oxypropylene) diamines has the same structure as the side chain of poly(oxypropylene) as Nafion ® . Indeed, in our previous work [18], hydrophilic region of the backbone of poly(oxypropylene) diamines was highly compatible with the side chain of Nafion ® . It means that the acid-base interaction occurs in the cluster of Nafion ® .…”

“…Methanol permeability was determined and calculated by using two connected compartment cells as described in our previous papers [17][18][19]. In the beginning, one compartment was filled with 10 M methanol solution, and the other compartment was filled with deionized water.…”

Hybrid acid–base polymer membranes prepared for application in fuel cells

“…The acidic polymers in the H + form are directly blended with basic polymers to form the membranes [10,13,15,16].…”

“…Among those alternatives, acid-base polymer blends are promising materials [2,10,[13][14][15][16]. The interactions between acid and base polymers, such as ionic cross-linking (electrostatic forces) and hydrogen bonding bridges, contribute markedly to the control of membrane swelling without a decrease in flexibility.…”

Assimilation of highly porous sulfonated carbon nanospheres into Nafion® matrix as proton and water reservoirs

“…6(a) reflected the influence of the sPCN loading on the glass transition behaviour of Nafion. As reported [26], the pristine Nafion membrane exhibits two glass transition regions: DT g, ion ¼ 150e200 C represents the energy barrier caused by the association of the pendant eSO 3 H groups and DT g, seg ¼ 100 C reflects the energy required to drive segment motions along the perfluoro backbone of Nafion [27,28]. With the inclusion of sPCN in Nafion matrix from 0.5% to 1.5%, the DT g, seg moves up to a relatively higher temperature.…”