Sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) based sulfonated molybdenum sulfide composite membranes: proton transport properties and direct methanol fuel cell performance

Yadav, Vikrant; Niluroutu, Nagaraju; Bhat, Santoshkumar D.; Kulshrestha, Vaibhav

doi:10.1039/d0ma00197j

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Recently, CPEMs based on inorganic additives such as graphene oxide (GO), sulfonated graphene oxide, MoS 2 , graphene nanofibers, sulfonated MoS 2, sulfonated carbon nanotubes (CNTs), amine-functionalized CNT, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), montmorillonite (MTM), and polymers like poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), polybenzimidazole (PBI), sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK), sulfonated poly(arylene ether nitrile) (SPEN), sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES), poly(perfluorosulfonic acid), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), and sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES) have been extensively investigated as an alternative for Nafion. Polymer backbone or the inorganic fillers have also been modified to introduce functional groups such as sulfonate, phosphate, chloride, nitride, quaternary ammonium salt, a quaternary phosphonium salt, etc., to further enhance the ionic conductivities in the CPEMs .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Sulfonated Poly(vinyl alcohol)/MoS₂-Based Robust Composite Proton Exchange Membranes with Higher Selectivity

Kumar,

Das

2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Selectivity is an essential property of proton exchange membranes. It is the ratio of proton conductivity to methanol permeability. In this study, we prepared mechanically robust composite proton exchange membranes (CPEMs) based on sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) (SPVA) and exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) via solution casting. MoS 2 nanoplatelets act as reinforcing fillers and enhance the barrier effect toward methanol permeation. The MoS 2 loadings (wt %) were varied in the CPEMs to achieve higher selectivity by either enhancing the proton conductivity or reducing the methanol permeability of the membranes. To assess their physicochemical properties, the synthesized CPEMs were characterized for their water uptake, ion exchange capacity, proton conductivity, methanol permeability, and thermomechanical stabilities. The SPVA/MoS 2 -0.3% membranes with 0.3 wt % of MoS 2 loading showed a proton conductivity of 48 ± 7 mS/cm, which is the highest among all of the CPEMs and 1.8 times higher than that of SPVA tested at 25 °C and 98% RH. Due to the presence of MoS 2 nanoplatelets, the CPEMs offered better resistance to methanol cross-over compared to pristine SPVA membranes. The SPVA/MoS 2 -0.3% membranes exhibit a methanol permeability of 1.72 × 10 −6 cm 2 /s at 25 °C, resulting in 5 and 37% reductions in methanol cross-over and 68 and 80% increase in selectivity than pristine SPVA and Nafion 117 membranes, respectively. Moreover, the SPVA/MoS 2 -0.3% membranes provided good mechanical stability with an enhanced proton conductivity of 54 ± 5 mS/cm at 60 °C and 98% RH. Post-cross-linking of the SPVA/MoS 2 -0.3% membranes with glutaraldehyde was done to improve further their chemical, thermal, and mechanical stabilities for higher-temperature applications. The cross-linked CPEMs of 24X3.0SPVA/MoS 2 -0.3% exhibit considerably higher selectivity at elevated temperatures (ca. 80 °C) and 37 times higher selectivity than Nafion 117 at 60 °C. The above results indicate that the as-prepared SPVA/MoS 2 -0.3% and 24X3.0SPVA/MoS 2 -0.3% CPEMs have great potential for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications at moderately high temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Sulfonated Poly(vinyl alcohol)/MoS₂-Based Robust Composite Proton Exchange Membranes with Higher Selectivity

Kumar,

Das

2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…Besides these applications, MoS 2 is widely used in proton‐exchange membranes (PEMs) for fuel cells (Fig. 9a) 118, 129–139. Tsang et al.…”

Section: Separation Applications Of Mos2‐based Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molybdenum Sulfide Nanomaterial: A Potential Candidate for Separation Membranes

Jatoi,

Soomro,

Maqbool

et al. 2024

ChemBioEng Reviews

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Molybdenum sulfide (MoS2)‐based nanocomposites have attracted significant attention for various separation processes due to their ultrathin thickness, high mechanical and chemical strength, and good functionality. Herein, the recent progresses of various fabrication, synthesis, and modification methods for separation membrane‐based on MoS2 nanocomposites are reviewed. Emphasis is given on applications of MoS2‐based membranes in the purification of wastewater, separation of gas mixtures, energy storage separator, and proton‐exchange fuel cells (PEFCs). Advantages and drawbacks of this material for separation applications are discussed. Finally, a future roadmap is suggested for this promising nanomaterial in various separation processes.

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“…Over the last decades, a wide variety of sulfonated aromatic polymers such as poly(phenylene)s, , poly(aryl ether sulfone), poly(ether ether ketone), poly(phenyl sulfone), and poly(ether sulfone) , have been incorporated to spread PCMs. These membranes are made of a hydrophobic glassy skeleton to maintain physical stability and a hydrophilic pathway, containing hydrophilic sulfonic acid moieties and water, which perform the role of ion transport for a relatively free flow of protons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Side-Chain Lengths on Hydronium Mobility in Sulfonated Poly(ether sulfone) Proton-Conducting Model Membranes

2023

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Designing novel polymer architectures is a key to maintain high proton conductivity for proton-conducting membranes (PCMs) while reducing fuel permeability at a medium water content. Modifying anion exchange membranes with alkyl side-chains is a common strategy to improve the aforementioned membrane properties. This improvement is attributed to the flexibility and dynamics of alkyl side-chains, which speed up the hand-to-hand process of anion diffusion. In this study, we employed this strategy for PCMs and propose hypothetical model membranes to improve proton conduction. To this end, a series of model sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) block copolymers with sulfonate groups attached to the backbone with 0, 6, 10, and 16 carbon unit spacers have been made. Then, we analyzed the morphological properties of the membranes and dynamical properties of water, hydronium ions (H 3 O + ), and methanol by using molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the morphological parameters of the PCM and the hydrophilic domains are almost robust against alkyl side-chain lengths. Nevertheless, the diffusion coefficients of water and hydronium ions increase with a side-chain length of up to 10 carbon units (around 50%) and decrease for membranes with a spacer length of 16 carbons at λ = 15. Moreover, the methanol diffusion coefficient increase, despite the substantial improvement in sulfonate group mobility, remains marginal (below 15%) with a spacer length; hence, a considerably better membrane selectivity is achieved. The results put forward a new design strategy and produce a general understanding of the structure−function interplay for the new generation of PCMs.

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Sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) based sulfonated molybdenum sulfide composite membranes: proton transport properties and direct methanol fuel cell performance

Abstract: Composite membranes of sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) (sPES) are prepared in combination with sulfonated molybdenum sulfide (s-MoS2) as an alternative polymer electrolyte for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC).

Cited by 17 publications

References 58 publications

Development of Sulfonated Poly(vinyl alcohol)/MoS₂-Based Robust Composite Proton Exchange Membranes with Higher Selectivity

Development of Sulfonated Poly(vinyl alcohol)/MoS₂-Based Robust Composite Proton Exchange Membranes with Higher Selectivity

Molybdenum Sulfide Nanomaterial: A Potential Candidate for Separation Membranes

Role of Side-Chain Lengths on Hydronium Mobility in Sulfonated Poly(ether sulfone) Proton-Conducting Model Membranes

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Sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) based sulfonated molybdenum sulfide composite membranes: proton transport properties and direct methanol fuel cell performance

Abstract: Composite membranes of sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) (sPES) are prepared in combination with sulfonated molybdenum sulfide (s-MoS2) as an alternative polymer electrolyte for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC).

Cited by 17 publications

References 58 publications

Development of Sulfonated Poly(vinyl alcohol)/MoS2-Based Robust Composite Proton Exchange Membranes with Higher Selectivity

Development of Sulfonated Poly(vinyl alcohol)/MoS2-Based Robust Composite Proton Exchange Membranes with Higher Selectivity

Molybdenum Sulfide Nanomaterial: A Potential Candidate for Separation Membranes

Role of Side-Chain Lengths on Hydronium Mobility in Sulfonated Poly(ether sulfone) Proton-Conducting Model Membranes

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Development of Sulfonated Poly(vinyl alcohol)/MoS₂-Based Robust Composite Proton Exchange Membranes with Higher Selectivity

Development of Sulfonated Poly(vinyl alcohol)/MoS₂-Based Robust Composite Proton Exchange Membranes with Higher Selectivity