Sulfonated graphene oxide impregnated cellulose acetate floated beads for adsorption of methylene blue dye: optimization using response surface methodology

Abstract

New multi-featured adsorbent beads were fabricated through impregnation of sulfonated graphene (SGO) oxide into cellulose acetate (CA) beads for fast adsorption of cationic methylene blue (MB) dye. The formulated SGO@CA composite beads were thoroughly characterized by several tools including FTIR, TGA, SEM, XRD, XPS and zeta potential. The optimal levels of the most significant identified variables affecting the adsorption process were sequential determined by the response surface methodology (RSM) using Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken designs. The gained results denoted that the surface of SGO@CA beads displayed the higher negative charges (− 42.2 mV) compared to − 35.7 and − 38.7 mV for pristine CA and SGO, respectively. In addition, the floated SGO@CA beads demonstrated excellent floating property, fast adsorption and easy separation. The adsorption performance was accomplished rapidly, since the adsorption equilibrium was closely gotten within 30 min. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity was greatly improved with increasing SGO content from 10 to 30%. The obtained data were followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model and agreed with Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity reached 234.74 mg g−1. The thermodynamic studies designated the spontaneity and endothermic nature of MB dye adsorption. Besides, the floated beads exposed acceptable adsorption characteristics for six successive reuse cycles, in addition to their better adsorption selectivity towards MB dye compared to cationic crystal violet and anionic Congo red dyes. These findings assume that the formulated SGO@CA floated beads could be used effectively as highly efficient, easy separable and reusable adsorbents for the fast removal of toxic cationic dyes.

Grafting a Porous Metal–Organic Framework [NH2-MIL-101(Fe)] with AgCl Nanoparticles for the Efficient Removal of Congo Red

“…It could be seen from Figure B,C and Table S3 that the correlation coefficient of the proposed first-order kinetics relationship was R 2 = 0.903 and the correlation coefficient of the proposed second-order kinetics relationship was R 2 = 0.987, suggesting that the entire adsorption process was chemically controlled rather than free diffusion . This may be a result of the increased transfer rate of Congo red and the rapid binding of Congo red to the active sites on the surface of FMA . In addition, the second-order kinetics equation can provide a theoretical value of q e as 232.6 mg·g –1 and K 2 as 4 × 10 –3 (g·mg –1 ·min –1 ), while the actual adsorption capacity of q e was 234.5 mg·g –1 according to eq ; thus, the second-order kinetics was closer to the actual adsorption capacity.…”

Facile synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles for enhanced removal of malachite green dye from an aqueous environment

“…A similar observation was reported earlier by Eltaweil and his group. 2 However, a further increase in the adsorbent dose might result in the partial agglomeration of the adsorbent resulting in a less accessible surface site for the dye adsorption causing a decrease in the %adsorption of the dye. Similarly, the adsorption capacity, q e which is expressed in mg of dye adsorbed per g of the adsorbent, also decreased significantly as the adsorbent dose was increased due to the limited surface-active sites which are not enough for the added dye.…”

“…The wastewater containing dye effluent from these industries is discharged into an aqueous medium without proper treatment causing environmental degradation. 1–3 This poses a threat to the flora and fauna in the aquatic ecosystems as well as human health. Therefore, rapid industrialization and other human activities causing contamination of water are a major concern.…”

Gum katira-silver nanoparticle-based bionanocomposite for the removal of methyl red dye

“…Zero-valent ironsupported lemon-derived biochar was used for the adsorption of methylene blue and its maximum adsorption capacity was 195.4 mg/g (Abd . Sulfonated graphene oxide impregnated with cellulose acetate showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 234.74 mg/g for methylene blue dye (Basha et al, 2022). It is clear from the literature that synthesized bionanocomposite is an efficient adsorbent of dye.…”