Sulfoacylated Macro-Porous Polystyrene-Divinylbenzene Low-Capacity Cation Exchanger Selective for Amino Acids

Yokoyama, Yukio; Watanabe, Masanori; Horikoshi, Sohei; Sato, Hisakuni

doi:10.2116/analsci.18.59

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…As reported in our previous paper, 15 the new materials have shown good selectivity for amino acids under several isocratic eluting conditions with phosphate buffers. Such isocratic studies were very helpful to construct the pH-gradient conditions to separate proteinic amino acids in this work.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Although the modified sulfoacylation procedure for highly cross-linked PS-DVB has been described in our previous paper, 15 an outline is presented here again. After 2 g of PS-DVB polymer was suspended in 25 mL of CH2Cl2, a 0.2 mL of ClCH2CH2COCl (2.08 mmol) was added to the suspension, the mixture was stirred for 15 min at room temperature.…”

Section: Functionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Seubert and Klingenberg 13 have mentioned in their paper that the capacity is controllable by adjusting the degree of the acylation reaction. Based on this, we have succeeded in synthesizing low-capacity (22 -67 µequiv./mL) cationexchange resins 15 by sulfoacylating a macroreticular PS-DVB of hypercrosslinkage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Capacity Cation-Exchange Chromatography of Amino Acids Using a Novel Sulfoacylated Macroreticular Polystyrene-Divinylbenzene Column with Binary Gradient Elution

et al. 2004

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High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analyses of amino acids, a so-called amino-acid analyzer based on the classical cation-exchange chromatography, 1,2 are essential for routine work in biological, biomedical, and clinical research laboratories. The modern cation-exchange HPLC is established by using a high-resolution cation-exchange column of highcapacity in mequiv./mL order of magnitude, with several buffer eluents (often with citrate buffers) at higher concentrations (often 0.2 M). The delivery of the eluent must be controlled by means of a complex gradient program, including parameters, such as pH, ionic strength, and temperature. Although such specialized amino-acid analyzers, commercially available from several manufacturers, can provide excellent performance for separations, they are usually expensive and seem to be unsuitable for general use. An alternate way to analyze amino acids based on anion-exchange chromatography has recently been proposed. 3,4 The separations have been good and satisfactory, but requiring an established instrument with a complex ternary gradient elution program.Ion-pair chromatography techniques by the usual HPLC systems have also been proposed by several researchers, 5,6 but they have not yet found general acceptance.On the other hand, low-capacity cation-exchange separations of amino acids have been proposed, 7,8 using a conventional HPLC instrument with an acid eluent of lower ionic strength, which can permit the use of UV detection alternative to fluorescent detection. Such a simplified amino-acid separation system can reduce the analytical costs. In our previous work, 7 a low-capacity cation-exchange resin, pellicularly sulfonated polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) resin of 4% crosslinkage, provided by courtesy of a manufacturer as a trial product, was successfully used for the separation of amino acids. The cation exchanger used has shown good selectivity for amino acids, but has given poor resolutions because of the larger resin diameter (11 µm in average) and the lower crosslinkage, leading to low column efficiency.In general, concentrated sulfuric acid is often used to sulfonate a PS-DVB base polymer. However, it seems to be difficult to control the ion-exchange capacity, especially in µequiv./mL levels. In addition, because the sizes of the base polymers used in several studies [9][10][11][12] have been relatively large, exceeding 10 µm in diameter, it seems difficult to obtain highefficiency columns for amino-acid separations.Recently, sulfoacylated 13 macroreticular PS-DVB resins have been successfully used for the separation of multivalent metal cations, 14 in which size-exclusion beads of hypercrosslinked 5-µm polymers have been functionalized to an ion-exchange capacity of around 0.4 mequiv./mL. This kind of cationexchange resin was considered to be acceptable for the separation of amino acids, but the capacity was too large compared to those successfully used in our previous work. 7 Seubert and Klingenberg 13 have mentioned in their paper that the capa...

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Functionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Capacity Cation-Exchange Chromatography of Amino Acids Using a Novel Sulfoacylated Macroreticular Polystyrene-Divinylbenzene Column with Binary Gradient Elution

et al. 2004

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“…1,2 It took 24 h in those days to separate protein hydrolysates. Nowadays, an amino-acid analyzer based on cation-exchange chromatography can provide, in general, separation in 1 h. On the one hand, we have proposed lowcapacity cation-exchange chromatography techniques [3][4][5][6] for the analyses of biogenic cations such as amino acids and creatinine, using low-capacity sulfoacylated 7,8 macroreticular styrenedivinylbenzene copolymers. Such low-capacity columns can facilitate a 50-min separation of underivatized proteinogenic amino acids using a binary gradient high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast and Efficient Separation and Determination of UV-absorbing Amino Acids, Nucleobases, and Creatinine Using a Carboxy-functionalized Cation-exchange Column

2015

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This paper presents a new HPLC technique for the determination of biogenic cations such as amino acids and nucleobases, using a weak-acid cation-exchange column. Fourteen analytes, five amino acids and seven bases in addition to creatinine and creatine, were separated in 12 min by means of a two-liquid gradient elution with UV detection. The newly released column packed with a carboxy-functionalized polymethacrylate resin could give excellent selectivity to the organic cations of interest, although such a column is in general suitable for the separation of inorganic common cations. The chromatographic intra-day repeatability was very good with RSDs less than 0.4%, and the quantitation precision based on peak area intensities was also good with RSDs less than 5% for all analytes. The linear calibration lines for quantitation ranged between 5 and 500 μM on 20-μL injections with R 2 more than 0.9990. Since the method could provide concentration data of urinary creatinine and some metabolites simultaneously, for example, the urinary phenylalanine/ creatinine ratios for phenylketonuria of inborn errors of metabolism were simply determined through one chromatographic run. The ratios for patients were significantly higher than those for controls. We found that the new weak-acid cationexchange column was suitable for the separation of organic cations as well as inorganic cations.

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“…× 150 mm, 5 μm, sulfonated to be ca. 50 μmol/column), laboratory-modified and specialized for amino-acid analysis, 13,14 was also subjected to analysis; the base polymer of a highly cross-linked macroreticular polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, taken out from the commercial column TSKgel G1000HHR (7.8 mm i.d. × 300 mm, 5 μm, PS-DVB), was sulfo-functionalized after Friedel-Crafts acylation to be in low-capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Effective Capacities of Ion-Exchangeable Materials by Measuring the Equilibrium Conductivity

Okabe

Yokoyama

2010

ANAL. SCI.

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The effective ion-exchange capacities of ion-exchange materials were determined by measuring the change in the equilibrium conductivity of a column packed with analyte. The developed instrumental method can provide effective ion-exchange capacities for both cation and anion exchangers with simple operations. The cation-exchange capacity of a weak-acid cation-exchange resin (TSKgel SuperIC-Cation column) depended on the conditioning pH and the molar concentration of the conditioning agent. Plots of effective cation-exchange capacities over the conditioning pH exhibited three inflection points, suggesting the presence of two carboxy groups and one phenolic OH group in the resin, probably due to the inherent base polymer. This method was applied to several commercial analytical columns for ion chromatography, and could provide scientifically useful results for characterizing the resin properties.

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Sulfoacylated Macro-Porous Polystyrene-Divinylbenzene Low-Capacity Cation Exchanger Selective for Amino Acids

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Low-Capacity Cation-Exchange Chromatography of Amino Acids Using a Novel Sulfoacylated Macroreticular Polystyrene-Divinylbenzene Column with Binary Gradient Elution

Low-Capacity Cation-Exchange Chromatography of Amino Acids Using a Novel Sulfoacylated Macroreticular Polystyrene-Divinylbenzene Column with Binary Gradient Elution

Fast and Efficient Separation and Determination of UV-absorbing Amino Acids, Nucleobases, and Creatinine Using a Carboxy-functionalized Cation-exchange Column

Determination of Effective Capacities of Ion-Exchangeable Materials by Measuring the Equilibrium Conductivity

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