Sulfide detoxification and tolerance in Halicryptus spinulosus (Priapulida): a multiple strategy

Oeschger, R.; Vetter, Russell D.

doi:10.3354/meps086167

Cited by 55 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…; Caron and Jackson ; Zhao et al . ), even though their modern macroscopic counterparts are in general restricted to marginal, typically anaerobic settings (van der Land ; Oeschger and Vetter ). The most familiar and prolific Cambrian priapulid is perhaps Ottoia , best known from the Burgess Shale Lagerstätte (Cambrian Series 3, Stage 5; British Columbia) (Lieberman ; Caron and Jackson ; Vannier ).…”

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confidence: 99%

The macro‐ and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia

2015

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The stem-group priapulid Ottoia Walcott, 1911, is the most abundant worm in the mid-Cambrian Burgess Shale, but has not been unambiguously demonstrated elsewhere. High-resolution electron and optical microscopy of macroscopic Burgess Shale specimens reveals the detailed anatomy of its robust hooks, spines and pharyngeal teeth, establishing the presence of two species: Ottoia prolifica Walcott, 1911, and Ottoia tricuspida sp. nov. Direct comparison of these sclerotized elements with a suite of shalehosted mid-to-late Cambrian microfossils extends the range of ottoiid priapulids throughout the middle to upper Cambrian strata of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin.Ottoiid priapulids represented an important component of Cambrian ecosystems: they occur in a range of lithologies and thrived in shallow water as well as in the deep-water setting of the Burgess Shale. A wider survey of Burgess Shale macrofossils reveals specific characters that diagnose priapulid sclerites more generally, establishing the affinity of a wide range of Small Carbonaceous Fossils and demonstrating the prominent role of priapulids in Cambrian seas.

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The macro‐ and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia

2015

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“…Some animals from sulfiderich aquatic sediments, such as the gutless clam (Solemya reidi) and the lugworm (Arenicola marina) are able to oxidize sulfide within their own tissues without the aid of bacterial symbionts (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). This capacity allows them to detoxify sulfide that enters their bodies from the surrounding environment that would otherwise poison aerobic metabolism.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Fission Yeast Gene for Mitochondrial Sulfide Oxidation

Weghe

1999

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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A cadmium-hypersensitive mutant of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe was found to accumulate abnormally high levels of sulfide. The gene required for normal regulation of sulfide levels, hmt2 ؉ , was cloned by complementation of the cadmium-hypersensitive phenotype of the mutant. Cell fractionation and immunocytochemistry indicated that HMT2 protein is localized to mitochondria. Sequence analysis revealed homology between HMT2 and sulfide dehydrogenases from photosynthetic bacteria. HMT2 protein, produced in and purified from Escherichia coli, was soluble, bound FAD, and catalyzed the reduction of quinone (coenzyme Q 2 ) by sulfide. HMT2 activity was also detected in isolated fission yeast mitochondria. We propose that HMT2 functions as a sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase. Homologous enzymes may be widespread in higher organisms, as sulfide-oxidizing activities have been described previously in animal mitochondria, and genes of unknown function, but with similarity to hmt2 ؉ , are present in the genomes of flies, worms, rats, mice, and humans.

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“…This may suggest that the bulk of H 2 S is detoxified peripherally in the gills (rather than the liver as in other vertebrates; Dorman et al, 2002), potentially shielding internal organs from the toxic effects. Some organisms exposed to H 2 S in marine environments have also been hypothesized to sequester sulphide peripherally in external mucosa in order to minimize toxic effects (Goffredi, Jones, Erhlich, Springer, & Vrijenhoek, 2008;Oeschger & Vetter, 1992). In addition, modification of the integumentary system may be common during exposure to environmental stressors in general (Ao et al, 2015;Micallef et al, 2012).…”

Section: Expression Variation Among Organs and Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexities of gene expression patterns in natural populations of an extremophile fish (Poecilia mexicana, Poeciliidae)

et al. 2017

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Variation in gene expression can provide insights into organismal responses to environmental stress and physiological mechanisms mediating adaptation to habitats with contrasting environmental conditions. We performed an RNA-sequencing experiment to quantify gene expression patterns in fish adapted to habitats with different combinations of environmental stressors, including the presence of toxic hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and the absence of light in caves. We specifically asked how gene expression varies among populations living in different habitats, whether population differences were consistent among organs, and whether there is evidence for shared expression responses in populations exposed to the same stressors. We analysed organ-specific transcriptome-wide data from four ecotypes of Poecilia mexicana (nonsulphidic surface, sulphidic surface, nonsulphidic cave and sulphidic cave). The majority of variation in gene expression was correlated with organ type, and the presence of specific environmental stressors elicited unique expression differences among organs. Shared patterns of gene expression between populations exposed to the same environmental stressors increased with levels of organismal organization (from transcript to gene to physiological pathway). In addition, shared patterns of gene expression were more common between populations from sulphidic than populations from cave habitats, potentially indicating that physiochemical stressors with clear biochemical consequences can constrain the diversity of adaptive solutions that mitigate their adverse effects. Overall, our analyses provided insights into transcriptional variation in a unique system, in which adaptation to H2S and darkness coincide. Functional annotations of differentially expressed genes provide a springboard for investigating physiological mechanisms putatively underlying adaptation to extreme environments.

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Sulfide detoxification and tolerance in Halicryptus spinulosus (Priapulida): a multiple strategy

Cited by 55 publications

References 42 publications

The macro‐ and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia

The macro‐ and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia

A Fission Yeast Gene for Mitochondrial Sulfide Oxidation

Complexities of gene expression patterns in natural populations of an extremophile fish (Poecilia mexicana, Poeciliidae)

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