Sulfated modification, basic characterization, antioxidant and anticoagulant potentials of polysaccharide from Sagittaria trifolia

Polysaccharides from waste Zingiber mioga leaves: Ultrasonic-microwave-assisted extraction, characterization, antioxidant and anticoagulant potentials

“…In Fig. 7 E, the peak at 168.4 eV was the result of S2p, and the valence state of sulfur atoms was S 6+ [28] , [54] . Chemical analysis confirmed that PWZMLs contained 0.18 ± 0.09 % sulfates, but which were not detected by FT-IR ( Fig.…”

“…Generally speaking, high Mw is beneficial for the exertion of anticoagulation [67] . We previously reported the sulfation and anticoagulation of polysaccharide from Sagittaria trifolia , and found that the sulfated derivative SPST-3 with Mw of 255.7 kDa exhibited stronger anticoagulant activity than SPST-4 with Mw of 129.6 kDa, but the activity decreased with continuous increase of Mw [28] . The results indicated that a sufficient Mw is required to regulate the combination and dissociation of negatively charged polysaccharides with antithrombin and other biomolecules.…”

“…It is well accepted that sulfated polysaccharides elicit promising anticoagulant activity, because sulfates confer the polysaccharides negative charge, which enhances the interaction with the positively charged peptidic sequence in antithrombin [28] . Actually, uronic acids can also give polysaccharides the negatively charged property [60] .…”

“…XPS were scanned by PHI 5600 X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (Perkin-Elmer, Eden Prairie, MN, USA). The analytical parameters were: the energy of 23.5 eV, step size of 0.1 eV, voltage of 15 kV, chamber pressure of <2.7 × 10 −7 Pa, take-off angle of 45°, and power of 200 W [28] .…”

“…The anticoagulant potential of PWZMLs was assessed via determining the biochemical indicators of anticoagulation in plasma using heparin (a marketed anticoagulant agent) as the positive control. Determination procedures were referred to the instructions of commercial kits [28] , [31] .…”