Sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix of muscle tissue in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and Spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor)

Breakdown of intramuscular connective tissue in cod (Gadus morhua L.) and spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor O.) related to gaping

“…After staining, the cover slips were photographed in a Leica DMLD microscope (Leica Microsystems, Nussloch GmbH, Germany) by a Spot RT Color Camera (Diagnostic Instruments Inc., Burroughs Sterling Heights, Michigan, USA). To study the presence of sulphated glycosaminoglycans, Alcian blue 8GX (Gurr Biological Stains, BDH, Pool, UK), 0.4 g in 8.20 g/l acetate buffer pH 5.8 containing either 12.20 or 81.32 g/l MgCl 2 were used according to the procedures described by Tingbø, Kolset, Ofstad, Enersen, and Hannesson (2005). At 12.20 g/l MgCl 2 most acidic groups stain whereas at 81.32 g/l MgCl 2 only negatively charged groups of sulphated proteoglycans stain (Scott & Dorling, 1965).…”

Dietary glycosaminoglycans interfere in bacterial adhesion and gliadin-induced pro-inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells

“…Although GAGs are one of the major components of the extracellular matrix, differences in the expression of particular GAGs in cod and bovine muscle have been demonstrated [20]. Actually, the data on the content and structure of GAGs in fish muscle are scarce indicating that chondroitin/dermatan sulfate structures are major compounds in wolfish, cod [21,22], and haddock [23]. Heparan sulfate (HS) was found in an inverse relationship to CS/DS in wolfish, cod [21].…”

The combination of glycosaminoglycans and fibrous proteins improves cell proliferation and early differentiation of bovine primary skeletal muscle cells

“…The pellets were resuspended in distilled water and the precipitation was repeated twice. The GAG composition was determined by enzymatic degradation and ion-exchange chromatography as described (Tingb ø et al, 2005). The results showed that the pellet contained 25% chondroitine sulfate/dermatan sulfate,sulphate/dermatan sulphate, 3% keratan sulfatesulphate and 43% heparan sulfate.suphate.…”