Sulfate sources of thermochemical sulfate reduction and hydrogen sulfide distributions in the Permian Changxing and Triassic Feixianguan formations, Sichuan Basin, SW China

Li, Pingping; Li, Bisong; Duan, Jinbao; Zhao, Yizhen; Zou, Huayao; Hao, Fang

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2022.105892

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Compared with sulfate (the reactant), the preferential use of light isotopes by microorganisms can bring a negative shift of 15–25‰ to sulfur isotopes in the H 2 S of BSR origin 133 , 134 . The TSR requires sufficient sulfate supply and high temperature, where sulfur isotopes in the H 2 S do not drift greatly, usually between 5‰ and 15‰ 8 , 16 , 135 . The isotopic data of H 2 S in the southwestern margin of the Qaidam Basin was poorly reported in previous studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial communities and their roles in the Cenozoic sulfurous oil reservoirs in the Southwestern Qaidam Basin, Western China

Jiao

Wang³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The latest discovery of sulfurous natural gas marked a breakthrough in the Cenozoic natural gas exploration in the southwestern margin of Qaidam Basin. The 16S rRNA analyses were performed on the crude oil samples from H2S-rich reservoirs in the Yuejin, Shizigou and Huatugou profiles, to understand the sulfurous gas origin, which was also integrated with carbon and hydrogen isotopes of alkane and sulfur isotopes of H2S collected from the Yingxiongling Area. Results show that the microorganisms in samples can survive in the hypersaline reservoirs, and can be classified into multiple phyla, including Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Haloanaerobiaeota. Methanogens are abundant in all of the three profiles, while sulfate-reducing bacteria are abundant in Yuejin and Huatugou profiles, contributing to the methane and H2S components in the natural gas. The carbon, hydrogen and sulfur isotopes of sulfurous natural gas in the Yingxiongling Area show that the natural gas is a mixture of coal-type gas and oil-type gas, which was primarily derived from thermal degradation, and natural gas from the Yuejin and Huatugou profiles also originated from biodegradation. The isotopic analysis agrees well with the 16S rRNA results, i.e., H2S-rich natural gas from the Cenozoic reservoirs in the southwest margin of the Qaidam Basin was primarily of thermal genesis, with microbial genesis of secondary importance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial communities and their roles in the Cenozoic sulfurous oil reservoirs in the Southwestern Qaidam Basin, Western China

Jiao

Wang³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…61−64 Due to the intensive overthrust during the late Yanshanian and Hercynian movements, a series of reverse faults in the NE and NW strikes are developed in the Puguang area. 39,47 The observation and measurement of tectonic fractures from wells in different structural locations of the study area reveal that reverse faults have significant impacts on the development and distribution of shear fractures in the Feixianguan carbonates. According to the interpretation of image logs, the predominant orientations of shear fractures are subparallel to the adjacent faults or intersected at small angles (Figure 1c), implying that these fractures are fault-related and mainly controlled by local stress.…”

Section: Reservoir Physical Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The northeastern Sichuan Basin is mainly composed of the pre-Triassic carbonate deposits and post-Triassic clastic deposits. − The Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation is in conformity contact with the underlying Changxing Formation and overlying Jialingjiang Formation (Figure ), with a thickness of 450–720 m . During the deposition of the Feixianguan Formation, the Puguang area mainly distributed in the carbonate platform sedimentary environment and was in a situation of relative sea-level decline.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The storage spaces are dominant by secondary dissolution pore and caves, and natural fractures are well developed. − Due to the superimposed reformation of complex original sedimentary, various diagenetic processes, and multiple tectonic movements, the Feixianguan carbonate reservoirs generally have strong heterogeneity, poor local connectivity, and complex gas–water relationship, which poses great difficulties for the efficient exploration and development of gas reservoirs in the Puguang area. Numerous research studies have been undertaken in the Feixianguan carbonates for the sedimentary environment, , diagenetic evolution, , high-quality reservoir genesis, − and hydrocarbon accumulation, , which guide the evaluation of favorable zones and optimization of well deployment. To date, few studies have focused on the types, characteristics, and controlling factors of natural fractures in Feixianguan carbonates, although they are important fundamentals for natural gas exploration and production in the Puguang area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Natural Fractures in Deep Carbonates of the Puguang Area, Sichuan Basin, China

Shi,

Zhao,

Zhang

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Understanding the types, characteristics, and controlling factors of natural fractures in deep and ultradeep carbonates is crucial for evaluating reservoir quality, optimizing well deployment, and comprehending their impact on hydrocarbon exploitation. Multiple types of natural fractures are widespread in the deep carbonates of the Feixianguan Formation in the Puguang area, northeastern Sichuan Basin, China, and the main controlling factors are complex. Based on geological, geophysical, and experimental data, this study defined fracture types and analyzed the fracture development characteristics in the deep Feixianguan carbonates. On this basis, the main geological factors that control the development and distribution of tectonic fractures were discussed by combining statistical and experimental analyses. Results indicate that natural fractures in the Feixianguan Formation can be genetically classified into tectonic and diagenetic fractures. Specifically, tectonic fractures include shear fractures and tensile fractures, in which the former are predominant. In the Feixianguan carbonates, tectonic shear fractures are mainly developed in the NE-SW and near E-W strikes, with dip angles mostly ranging from 30 to 70°. The majority of shear fractures appear on a small scale and have good effectiveness. The fracture heights and apertures are commonly less than 50 cm and 25 μm, respectively, and unfilled fractures account for more than half. The distribution and development of tectonic fractures are mainly controlled by lithology, mechanical stratigraphy, reservoir physical properties, diagenetic cementation, and faults. In the Feixianguan carbonates, tectonic fractures are more developed in crystalline dolomite. With the increasing thickness of mechanical stratigraphy, the fracture density decreases and the scale increases. The presence of early dissolution pores can prevent the formation of later tectonic fractures. Tectonic fractures in the NNW-SSE and near N-S strikes generally possess poor effectiveness due to multiple cementations after their formation. In the vicinity of faults, tectonic fractures generally stretch subparallel to the extension direction of the fault, and the development degree of fractures close to major faults is higher.

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“…de Oliveira Carneiro et al 13 established a coke oven gas purification process model and evaluated solutions that can remove H 2 S to a greater extent. Li et al 14 studied the distribution of TSR and H 2 S in the Sichuan Basin based on carbon isotope data and sulfur isotope data of solid bitumen, sulfide gas, and anhydrite. Xie et al 15 analyzed the factors affecting the formation and enrichment of H 2 S by considering geological factors such as the characteristics of combustion, gas composition, and groundwater geochemistry in the study area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Formation Mechanism of Hydrogen Sulfide in the 13# Coal Seam of Shaping Coal Mine

Ai,

Wang,

Sun

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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In order to accurately predict the law of occurrence and migration of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) in the underground and effectively solve the problem of excessive concentration of H 2 S gas, laboratory experiments on the content of various forms of sulfur in coal, sulfur isotopes, thermal evolution history, and coal seam water samples were carried out by applying the theories of coal mine geology, microbiology, and analytical chemistry, and based on the experimental results, the cause of H 2 S gas was explored. Through the analysis of the geological conditions of the coal seam mined, it can be seen that the coal mine experienced the alternation of marine and continental phases in the process of coal formation and that there was no magma intrusion. The experimental results showed that iron sulfide in coal accounts for 73.25% of the total sulfur, indicating that the coal seam was rich in pyrite. The results of the isotope test showed that the sulfur isotopes in coal samples were all negative, indicating that the sulfur isotope fractionation in coal was large, the loss was serious, and the coal seam was greatly affected by seawater. According to the experimental results of vitrinite reflectance, it can be concluded that the highest temperature during the thermal evolution of the coal seam is 108.12 °C, which has not reached the temperature condition of sulfate thermochemical reduction. Comparing the concentration of acid ions in coal seam water and tap water, it was found that the concentration of SO 4 2− in coal seam water is low, while the concentration of HCO 3 − is high. According to the experimental results and theoretical analysis, the H 2 S gas in the high-sulfur coal mine was caused by microbial sulfate reduction. Finally, the transformation path of sulfur in the coal seam was deduced and analyzed. The results showed that sulfur in coal is positively correlated with H 2 S gas concentration.

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Sulfate sources of thermochemical sulfate reduction and hydrogen sulfide distributions in the Permian Changxing and Triassic Feixianguan formations, Sichuan Basin, SW China

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Microbial communities and their roles in the Cenozoic sulfurous oil reservoirs in the Southwestern Qaidam Basin, Western China

Microbial communities and their roles in the Cenozoic sulfurous oil reservoirs in the Southwestern Qaidam Basin, Western China

Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Natural Fractures in Deep Carbonates of the Puguang Area, Sichuan Basin, China

Analysis of the Formation Mechanism of Hydrogen Sulfide in the 13# Coal Seam of Shaping Coal Mine

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