Sulfate resistance of ferrochrome slag based geopolymer concrete

Karakoç, Mehmet Burhan; Türkmen, İbrahim; Maraş, Müslüm Murat; Demirboğa, Ramazan

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.09.058

Cited by 105 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the loss in strength of mortar samples slightly changed when the alkali activator ratio from 1 to 2.5 increased. Karakoç et al stated that the losses in the compressive strength of the geopolymer concrete increased along with increasing sulfate concentration. Strength losses in the geopolymer concrete with crushed aggregate were found lower than in the geopolymer concrete with river aggregate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yusuf found that the MgSO 4 solution caused less weight loss in geopolymer than Na 2 SO 4 solutions. Karakoç et al reported that the weight increase in geopolymer concretes that produced using river aggregate and exposed to different concentrations of MgSO 4 solutions were between 0.62 and 1.86%, while the weight increase in geopolymer concretes which produced using crushed aggregate were between 0.84 and 2.11%. Wei et al stated that as the milling time of vanadium which was used as a binder in geopolymer concrete increase, the weight loss in the samples immersed in 5% sodium sulfate solution decreased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sata et al stated that when the size changes of the samples immersed in sodium sulfate solution for 360 days were examined, while the minimum expansion was observed in the geopolymer mortar, the maximum expansion was observed in the additive‐free mortar. Karakoç et al reported that the amount of expansion in geopolymer concretes with river aggregate exposed to different concentrations of MgSO 4 solutions was lower than the amount of expansion in geopolymer concretes with crushed aggregate. As can be seen from the literature studies given above, there is expansion in the samples exposed to the sulfate effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Khan et al reported that in geopolymer concrete samples containing 70% BFS + 30% PC, there were fewer cracks and less visual deterioration than samples containing other binary binders. Karakoç et al stated that surfaces of EFC based geopolymer concretes immersed in 3, 5, and 7% MgSO 4 solutions did not cause deterioration. Mingyu et al notified that the bentonite added geopolymer exposed to 10% MgSO 4 solution fell apart, the zeolite‐containing geopolymer did not deteriorate, the surfaces were smooth, and there were no cracks, cracks were observed in the additive‐free geopolymer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of sulfate and salt resistance of ferrochrome slag and blast furnace slag‐based geopolymer concretes

Özcan

Karakoç

2019

Structural Concrete

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, mechanical, visual, and microstructure changes of geopolymer concrete exposed to sulfate and salt effects were investigated. Elazı g ferrochrome slag (EFS) and blast furnace slag (BFS)-based geopolymer concretes which completed curing time were immersed in 5% sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ), magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ), sodium chloride (NaCl), and magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) solutions for 12 weeks. The compressive strength values, ultrasonic pulse velocities, visual inspections, weight, and length changes of the samples were determined in this investigation. In addition, scanning electron microscopy was performed for the microstructure analysis of the samples removed from the solutions. Sulfate solutions had a more negative effect on the samples than salt solutions. As the EFS ratio in the mixture increases, the loss rate in the strength of the samples exposed to sulfate and salt solutions decreased. While samples exposed to sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate solutions occurred weight gain, samples exposed to magnesium chloride occurred weight loss. The samples in salt solutions shrank, while the samples in sulfate solutions expanded. No deterioration occurred on the surfaces of the samples exposed to the solutions for 12 weeks. K E Y W O R D S blast furnace slag, chemical resistance, ferrochrome slag, geopolymer concrete, salt effect, sulfate effect

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of sulfate and salt resistance of ferrochrome slag and blast furnace slag‐based geopolymer concretes

Özcan

Karakoç

2019

Structural Concrete

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[1][2][3][4] HCFS is a heavy hazardous waste and a promising secondary resource, [5][6][7] in which the chromium content is approximately 1-10%. High-carbon ferrochromium slag (HCFS) is a by-product from the production of ferrochrome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of glass-ceramics prepared from high-carbon ferrochromium slag

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glass-ceramics have been successfully prepared from high-carbon ferrochromium slag (HCFS) and waste glass (WG), and the microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of the glass-ceramics were subsequently investigated. The development of HCFS-based glass-ceramics involves the nucleation and crystallization stages from the parent glass. With the increase in mass ratio of HCFS and WG (R(H/W)) from 0.60 to 1.67, the number of bridging oxygens of Si in the parent glass is reduced, as shown via Raman spectroscopy. Thus, their degree of polymerization decreases with it, and the temperature of nucleation and crystallization increase, which is consistent with the DSC results. The SEM images and EDS results indicate that the increasing value of R(H/W) decreases the crystal grain size and consequently increases the microhardness of the glass-ceramics. But the porosity simultaneously increases, which makes the bending strength increase at first and subsequently decrease. And the optimum properties of HCFS-based glass-ceramic samples in the present work are obtained when R(H/ W) reaches 1.29, that is, a bending strength of 104 MPa and a microhardness of 9860 MPa.

show abstract

Sodium sulfate resistance of alkali/slag activated silico–manganese fume‐based composites

Nasir

Johari

Maslehuddin

et al. 2020

Structural Concrete

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The durability of alkali‐activated silico–manganese fume (SMF)‐based mortar specimens was investigated by immersing them in 5% Na2SO4 solution and water (controlled environment) for up to 40 weeks. The effect of blast furnace slag (BFS) content [R = BFS/(BFS + SMF) = 0 and 0.3] and alkali concentration (4 and 10 M NaOHaq) was studied. Visual appearance, variation in alkalinity, mass loss, compressive strength, and microstructural changes were recorded. The maximum strength of 49.4 MPa was noted in BFS‐blended high‐alkaline binder system while the ultimate residual strength and mass loss were 88.8% and − 2.4%, respectively. The high sulfate‐resistance of this binder is attributed to the dense matrix resulting from the formation of C─S─H, K─A─S─H, and C─Mn─H. BFS‐blended mild‐alkaline system exhibited incomplete precursor dissolution thereby gaining a moderate strength of 39.6 MPa with the residual strength and mass loss of 74.1%and − 4.4%, respectively. The decomposition of the specimens on exposure to Na2SO4 may be ascribed to high pH differential from the mobility of Na+, SO42−, and OH− in and out of the mortar leading to formation of additional gypsum and calcite. The BFS‐free system displayed excellent stability under sulfate environment owing to the dearth of Ca in SMF. This was notably aided by increased precipitation of quartz together with the formation of degradation products and despite that still attained low strength of about 20 MPa. It is postulated that Ca/Si, Ca/Mn, Si/Mn, Ca/K, and Si/K ratios are the controlling factors influencing the sulfate‐resistance of the developed binders.

show abstract

Sulfate resistance of ferrochrome slag based geopolymer concrete

Cited by 105 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of sulfate and salt resistance of ferrochrome slag and blast furnace slag‐based geopolymer concretes

Evaluation of sulfate and salt resistance of ferrochrome slag and blast furnace slag‐based geopolymer concretes

Synthesis and characterization of glass-ceramics prepared from high-carbon ferrochromium slag

Sodium sulfate resistance of alkali/slag activated silico–manganese fume‐based composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About