Suitable fertilizer application depth can increase nitrogen use efficiency and maize yield by reducing gaseous nitrogen losses

Wu, Peng; Fu, Liu; Li, Hui; Cai, Ti; Zhang, Peng; Jia, Zhikuan

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146787

Cited by 70 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…However, when the fertilizer application depth was increased further, the summer maize biomass did not increase under FD25, and it decreased under FD35 (by 4.3%). Wu et al (2021) also obtained similar results. Moreover, Yang et al (2016) suggested that the fertilization depth should not be excessive for summer maize because the crop biomass was lower when the fertilizer application depth exceeded 24 cm.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The SNC in the crop growing season is considered to be one of the most critical factors for regulating plant growth and development ( Wang et al, 2020 ; Meng et al, 2021 ; Shi et al, 2021 ), especially in dryland agricultural production ( Zhou et al, 2016 ; Muschietti-Piana et al, 2018 ; Wu et al, 2021 ). Optimizing the fertilization method can improve the SNC ( Shi et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have explored various fertilization management practices for improving crop productivity ( Liu et al, 2015 ; Su et al, 2015 ; Gebre and Earl, 2021 ; Zhong et al, 2021 ). In particular, compared with broadcasting or mixing fertilizer, banding fertilizer in the soil can improve the NUE and crop yield in rice ( Liu et al, 2015 ; Zhong et al, 2021 ), rape ( Su et al, 2015 ), soybean ( Gebre and Earl, 2021 ), wheat ( Singh et al, 2005 ), and maize ( Cheng et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2021 ). Therefore, banding fertilizer has some advantages for promoting crop production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excessive SNR in deep soil cannot be absorbed and utilized by crops ( Shi et al, 2021 ), and it also threatens the safety of groundwater ( Delin and Stenberg, 2014 ). Wu et al (2021) found that changing the fertilization method greatly affected the during SNR at the spring maize harvest. Therefore, we hypothesized that optimizing the fertilization depth may improve the SNR at the summer maize harvest and influence the growth of the subsequent crop (winter wheat).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suitable Fertilizer Application Depth Enhances the Efficient Utilization of Key Resources and Improves Crop Productivity in Rainfed Farmland on the Loess Plateau, China

Chen

Cai²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Appropriate fertilizer application methods can help to improve crop yields. However, limited information is available regarding how different fertilizer application depths might affect crop production in dryland winter wheat-summer maize cropping in the Loess Plateau region of China. Therefore, we conducted field experiments in 2019–2020 and 2020–2021 to evaluate the effects of changing the fertilizer placement depth on summer maize (current crop) and winter wheat (succeeding crop) productivity, as well as the resource use efficiency and soil nitrate-nitrogen residue (SNR) level. Four fertilizer placement depths were tested comprising 5 cm (FD5), 15 cm (FD15), 25 cm (FD25), and 35 cm (FD35). The nitrogen uptake by summer maize in the two seasons was 10.0, 6.5, and 11.8% higher under FD15 compared with those under FD5, FD25, and FD35, respectively, because FD15 effectively increased the root length density, root surface area density, and rate of root bleeding sap. Due to the increased nitrogen uptake, the leaf area index, plant height, stem diameter, and accumulated dry matter were improved in summer maize. The interception of photosynthetically active radiation was 3.6, 3.7, and 5.9% higher under FD15 compared with those under FD5, FD25, and FD35, respectively. The summer maize grain yield increased by 13.9–22.4% under FD15 compared with the other treatments. In addition, the SNR in the deep soil (200–300 cm) was significantly lower under FD15 during the summer maize harvest (17.9–30.7%) compared with the other treatments. Moreover, FD15 increased the winter wheat (succeeding crop) grain yield (2.6–11.2%) and reduced the SNR in the 200–300 cm soil layer (8.8–16.8%) at the winter wheat harvest. The highest radiation use efficiency, precipitation use efficiency, and nitrogen use efficiency were obtained under FD15 in both summer maize and winter wheat. These results clearly suggest that depth fertilization of 15 cm enhanced the productivity and resource use efficiency for the current and subsequent crops in rainfed farmland in the Loess Plateau of China, as well as reducing the SNR in the deep soil to promote sustainable agricultural development. These findings provide a practical reference for optimizing fertilizer application management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Suitable Fertilizer Application Depth Enhances the Efficient Utilization of Key Resources and Improves Crop Productivity in Rainfed Farmland on the Loess Plateau, China

Chen

Cai²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

Self Cite

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“…Intensive agricultural systems that are quite fertilizer based demand high inputs with increased chances of N losses resulting in huge economic loss [14]. Some practices, such as deep-band placement application [15], high doses of ammonium nitrogen localized in special depots, time of application [16], and slow-release fertilizers [17,18], work to minimize nutrient risk pollution and maximize economic aspects [19]. The toxic effect of ammonium ion on the root system when the fertilizer is placed deeply is mitigated by the minimal contact between the source of N in the deposit and the surface of the root system [20,21], the use of SRF (slow-release fertilizer) is also a safe solution, causing minimal damage to germination [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of Nitrogen from Granulate Mineral and Organic Fertilizers and Its Effect on Selected Chemical Parameters of Soil

et al. 2021

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The objective of this work was the evaluation of the release patterns of nitrogen from various types of fertilizers and their impact on selected chemical parameters of calcareous soil. Three mineral fertilizers and two organic fertilizers were tested in the laboratory for 35 days. This study showed the rapid release of nitrogen from mineral types. More than 70% of the nitrogen was released from the ammonium granules and 98% from the urea granules. The rate of nitrogen release from pellets of organic origin was much slower than from mineral pellets, the released N was 15–28% of the original amount. Soil pH was altered by incubation. The content of soil N changed significantly due to the incubation of N mineral fertilizers; no changes were observed for organic fertilizers. The EC value of the soil solution was significantly modified under the influence of mineral granules, it reached a maximum of 1147 µS cm−1 on the 10th day, and for organic fertilizers of 944 µS cm−1 on the 35th day. The results of this study characterize each N release pattern, providing data to support a more efficient nutrient management strategy in calcareous soils and the effect of incubated fertilizers on soil chemical parameters.

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Improved mapping of nitrogen loss and surplus in China's maize belt

et al. 2022

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Comprehensive, spatially explicit understanding of N loss from N input in China's maize (Zea mays L.) belt is needed to improve N management and develop N loss mitigation measures for specific locations. However, accurate estimation of N loss remains uncertain mainly because of spatial heterogeneity of emission factors (EFs) and activity data. Here, we built random-forest models to predict EFs for each N loss pathway (dinitrogen, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide and ammonia emissions, nitrate leaching, and N runoff) considering soil and climate factors. We then used location-and crop-specific activity data to understand N loss and surplus on a 1-× 1-km grid. Results showed that the N surplus and total N loss averaged 135.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 36.6-261.5) and 87.6 (95% CI, 32.9-162.5) kg N ha -1 , respectively, and nitrate leaching and ammonia emissions were primary loss pathways. There was a significant correlation between N surplus and total N loss in spatial distribution, and regions with high N surplus and total N loss were mainly in the northern China Plain and Sichuan Basin, while regions with low surplus and loss could be found in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces. Our results are beneficial to understand specific crop N budget and develop location-specific N management strategies. INTRODUCTIONNitrogen fertilizer contributes to 30-50% of increased crop production, thus playing a crucial role in ensuring global food security (Erisman et al., 2008). However, ∼40% of fertilizer at the global level is lost to the environment via nitrate (NO 3 -) leaching, N runoff, ammonia (NH 3 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O), nitric oxide (NO), and dinitrogen (N 2 ) emissions (Liu et al., 2010). These N losses cause substantial environmental problems such as soil acidification and water eutrophication

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Suitable fertilizer application depth can increase nitrogen use efficiency and maize yield by reducing gaseous nitrogen losses

Cited by 70 publications

References 63 publications

Suitable Fertilizer Application Depth Enhances the Efficient Utilization of Key Resources and Improves Crop Productivity in Rainfed Farmland on the Loess Plateau, China

Suitable Fertilizer Application Depth Enhances the Efficient Utilization of Key Resources and Improves Crop Productivity in Rainfed Farmland on the Loess Plateau, China

Release of Nitrogen from Granulate Mineral and Organic Fertilizers and Its Effect on Selected Chemical Parameters of Soil

Improved mapping of nitrogen loss and surplus in China's maize belt

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