Suitability of zinc-based bioceramic for repair of bone defects

Abstract

The advantages of a synthetic bone-graft substitute include reduction of risks due to immunological rejection and transmission of diseases, such as AIDS. A satisfactory synthetic material must be non-toxic, allow adequate re-vascularization, and be capable of bearing weight and tolerating strain. Our experiments using a resorpable, zinccalcium- phosphorous-ceramic oxide (ZCAP) in composite with malic acid, vitamin E, and gentamicin sulfate, indicate that this zincbased bioceramic implant fulfills the requirements of an osteoconductive filler between two fractured ends of rat femurs.Assessment of the suitability of ZCAP involved the following techniques : 1) Radiological examination showing the position of the implant, bridging of the defect with bone, and dissolution of the bioceramic. 2) Histology of serial sections indicating resorption of the ZCAP (a few granules remain after 10 weeks) and replacement by endochondral ossification. 3) Scanning electron microscopy revealing that the intact ZCAP first becomes surrounded by fibrous tissue and then infiltrated by cell processes.