Suitability of Selected Plants to the Bean Plataspid,Megacopta cribriaria(Hemiptera: Plataspidae) in No-Choice Tests

Abstract

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Kudzu-deprived First-generationMegacopta cribraria(F.) (Heteroptera: Plataspidae) Are Capable of Developing on Alternative Legume Species1

“…However, our study utilized overwintering M. cribraria that were starved and deprived of kudzu for approximately five months (late October through March) before experimentation in no-choice greenhouse tests. Overwintered adult M. cribraria oviposited on all of the caged legume species, including those that were not suitable developmental hosts for the first-generation, an observation that is consistent with reports from other researchers (Zhang et al 2012, Medal et al 2013, Blount et al 2015. The percentage of eggs hatching did not differ significantly on any of the five legume plants, indicating no effect of host plant on this life-stage parameter.…”

“…Previous experiments (Zhang et al 2012, Medal et al 2013, Del Pozo-Valdivia & Reisig 2013, Blount et al 2015 used either M. cribraria that were reared on kudzu with first instar offspring being transferred to selected legume species or adults that were collected in the field after feeding on kudzu. However, our study utilized overwintering M. cribraria that were starved and deprived of kudzu for approximately five months (late October through March) before experimentation in no-choice greenhouse tests.…”

“…However, Smith (2013) and Seiter et al (2013) reported that overwintered M. cribraria could infest earlyplanted soybeans, and Del Pozo-Valdivia & Reisig (2013) suggested that the firstgeneration is able to bypass kudzu and develop on soybean. Previous studies, however, have not demonstrated in-full if kudzu is necessary in the diet of M. cribraria, since adults that produced eggs or nymphs for these studies had been reared on or initially fed on kudzu (Del Pozo-Valdivia & Reisig 2013), or they were obtained from kudzu patches or field locations when it was likely that kudzu was already available (Zhang et al 2012, Medal et al 2013, Blount et al 2015.…”

“…Overwintered adult M. cribraria feed on multiple leguminous and a limited number of non-leguminous plants (Zhang et al 2012, Hu & Carroll 2012. However, they display a restrictive reproductive host range (i.e., able to develop from egg to adult) that is limited to legumes, such as kudzu (Zhang et al 2012, Medal et al 2013; soybean (Zhang et al 2012, Del Pozo-Valdivia & Reisig 2013; pigeon pea, Cajanus cajen L.; black-eyed pea, Vigna unguiculata L.; lima bean (5butter bean), Phaseolus lunatus L.; and pinto bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Medal et al 2013). This biological trait, a broad host range yet limited reproductive range, is common of many native and invasive Pentatomoidea (Panizzi 1997), and is most likely the result of differences in adult and nymphal characteristics, which may include mobility (Panizzi et al 1980, Schumann & Todd 1982, nutritional demands (Kehat & Wyndham 1972, Kester & Smith 1984, and differing stylet morphologies of nymphs and adults (Moizzuddin & Ahamd 1975).…”

Confirmed Distribution and Occurrence of Megacopta cribraria (F.) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Plataspidae) in the Southeastern United States

“…These values were significantly different (P = 0.05) from the development obtained on white sweet clover, Melilotus alba Medikus, white clover, Trifolium repens L., red clover, Trifolium pratense L., alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., perennial peanut, Arachis glabrata Benth., and American joint vetch, Aeschynomene americana L. (all Fabales: Fabaceae). In this greenhouse study, the number of eggs laid by the kudzu bugs on kudzu (natural host) and soybean did not differ significantly as reported by Medal et al (2013b). This finding differs from the field host range experiment with 12 legume species conducted by Zhang et al (2012), in which the kudzu bug preferentially oviposited on kudzu over soybean.…”