Suitability of Sarawak and Gladstone fly ash to produce geopolymers: A physical, chemical, mechanical, mineralogical and microstructural analysis

Leong, Hsiao Yun; Ong, Dominic Ek Leong; Sanjayan, Jay

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.03.046

Cited by 55 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The glass’s chemical composition may prompt the high reactivity of high-calcium FAs. According to previous research findings, more than 188 mineral groups and 316 individual minerals are recognized in FAs [ 101 , 110 ], and the glass composition in high- and low-calcium FAs differ from each other. The mineral composition is commonly more multifaceted in high-calcium FAs, which has been identified to have large volumes of crystalline C 3 A (4–8%), CaO (1–2.5%), and C 4 A 3 S (1–2.5%) than in low-calcium FAs [ 111 ].…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fly Ash-Based Eco-Efficient Concretes: A Comprehensive Review of the Short-Term Properties

et al. 2021

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Development of sustainable concrete as an alternative to conventional concrete helps in reducing carbon dioxide footprint associated with the use of cement and disposal of waste materials in landfill. One way to achieve that is the use of fly ash (FA) as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) because FA is a pozzolanic material and has a high amount of alumina and silica content. Because of its excellent mechanical properties, several studies have been conducted to investigate the use of alkali-activated FA-based concrete as an alternative to conventional concrete. FA, as an industrial by-product, occupies land, thereby causing environmental pollution and health problems. FA-based concrete has numerous advantages, such as it has early strength gaining, it uses low natural resources, and it can be configurated into different structural elements. This study initially presents a review of the classifications, sources, chemical composition, curing regimes and clean production of FA. Then, physical, fresh, and mechanical properties of FA-based concretes are studied. This review helps in better understanding of the behavior of FA-based concrete as a sustainable and eco-friendly material used in construction and building industries.

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Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fly Ash-Based Eco-Efficient Concretes: A Comprehensive Review of the Short-Term Properties

et al. 2021

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“…Sarawak fly ash has been successfully used in a handful of studies (Leong et al 2015;Leong et al 2016a;Leong et al 2016b). Table 1 shows the chemical compositions of the fly ash using WD-X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (WD-XRF).…”

Section: Fly Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength Development of Soil–Fly Ash Geopolymer: Assessment of Soil, Fly Ash, Alkali Activators, and Water

Leong

Ong

Sanjayan

et al. 2018

J. Mater. Civ. Eng.

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In this study, fly ash was added to residual soil to produce soil-fly ash geopolymer bricks. This study investigated the effects of fly ash/soil, alkali activator/ash, Na2SiO3/KOH (or NaOH), additional water content, curing condition and curing temperature on the compressive strength of soil-fly ash geopolymer. The results showed that the optimum compressive strength was obtained when the ratios of alkali activator/ash, Na2SiO3/KOH (or NaOH) and additional water were 0.6, 0.5 and 10 % respectively. Higher amount of alkali activators was required for strength development in soil-fly ash geopolymer than conventional fly ash-based geopolymers. The formation of the rigid structure at low ratios of alkali activator/ash and Na 2SiO3/KOH (or NaOH) was unlikely. Compressive strength decreased when additional water was increased. High curing temperature and long curing duration showed negative effect on strength development. The compressive strength of soil-fly ash geopolymer varied as different mixing sequences of raw materials were used, indicating the importance of the formation of geopolymer gel in the structure. Compressive strength results obtained in this study demonstrate that soil-fly ash geopolymer can be a potential alternative to traditional clay fired brick.

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“…SEM results of previous studies show that the workability of the geopolymer binders is influenced by the particle size and shape of the precursor which may also influence the performance of the binder. The study by [76] considered the morphology of two types of PFA geopolymers and reported that PFAs with more rounded particles showed improved workability at a lower activator liquid-PFA ratio due to the shape of the PFA grains. This cenospherical particle shape enhances the ball bearing effect which allows easy mixing of soils and may have resultant effect on the strength of the stabilised soils.…”

Section: Effects Of Alkali Activator Type On Microstructure and Strength Of Geopolymers Bindersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geopolymers as Alternative Sustainable Binders for Stabilisation of Clays—A Review

et al. 2021

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The need to transit to greener options in soil stabilisation has revamped research on the use of industrial and agricultural by-products in order to cut down on the current carbon footprint from the use of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and lime related binders for the treatment of problematic soils. This study is a review on the use of geopolymers constituted by alkali activation of several industrial wastes such as pulverised fuel ash (PFA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), metakaolin (MK), glass powder (GP), palm oil fuel ash (POFA), silica fume (SF), rice husk ash (RHA), volcanic ash (VA), and marble powder (MP) for the stabilisation of weak clays. The performance of stabilised clays as subgrade and subbase materials for road pavement construction was evaluated by comparing the 7 day UCS of the treated clays with the strength requirement for stabilised materials as outlined in BS EN 16907-4. The result of the study shows that geopolymers can be employed in improving the engineering properties of problematic clays to meet practical applications. Strength improvement was observed in the stabilised clays with increased precursor content, molarity of alkaline activator, and curing period.

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Suitability of Sarawak and Gladstone fly ash to produce geopolymers: A physical, chemical, mechanical, mineralogical and microstructural analysis

Cited by 55 publications

References 27 publications

Fly Ash-Based Eco-Efficient Concretes: A Comprehensive Review of the Short-Term Properties

Fly Ash-Based Eco-Efficient Concretes: A Comprehensive Review of the Short-Term Properties

Strength Development of Soil–Fly Ash Geopolymer: Assessment of Soil, Fly Ash, Alkali Activators, and Water

Geopolymers as Alternative Sustainable Binders for Stabilisation of Clays—A Review

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