“…In exploratory investigations, stable isotope analysis was successfully used in authentication of fishery and aquaculture products. For instance, carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes were used to differentiate the wild and farmed gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata ) and salmon, Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) from industrial fishing, conventionally or organically farming, croaker from different geographic origins ( Micropogonias furnieri ) (Anderson, Hobbie & Smith, ; Chaguri et al., ; Gamboa‐Delgado et al., ; Ostermeyer, Molkentin, Lehmann, Rehbein & Walte, ; Serrano, Blanes & Orero, ). The method was also used to distinguish different aquaculture species and to help to elucidate the origin and spread of exotic invasive salmonids in Chile (Schröder & Leaniz, ).…”