Suitability of gingival indices for use in therapeutic trials

Barnett, Michael L.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.1996.tb01828.x

Cited by 25 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Probing force and position, probe design and depth of insertion of the probe may be some examples of variables that are difficult to control during assessment of gingival inflammation. 18 These are some possible explanations for the complexity involved in reproducing gingival indices, including the repeated recordings of GBI performed in the present study in sequence 3. Thus, high kappa coefficient values (> 0.61) 19 are not expected for replicate recordings of GBI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Professional flossing as a diagnostic method for gingivitis in the primary dentition

Mariath¹,

Bressani²,

Haas³

et al. 2008

Braz. oral res.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate flossing as a diagnostic method for interproximal gingival bleeding in children. For this crossover study, 23 pre-schoolchildren presenting neither restorations nor approximal carious cavities and with at least 15% of gingival bleeding sites were selected. Examinations were performed at three different moments (3-4 days interval). Examinations comprised repeated measurements of two gingival indices with a 10-minute interval in the following sequences: the Ainamo & Bay Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) followed by the Carter & Barnes flossing index (CBI); CBI followed by GBI; and GBI followed by GBI. Data analysis was performed only for the interproximal sites, considering the GBI as the gold-standard. Agreement between indices, sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were estimated. Percentage agreements in sequences GBI-CBI, CBI-GBI and GBI-GBI were 70.3%, 76.4% and 84.5%, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Professional flossing as a diagnostic method for gingivitis in the primary dentition

Mariath¹,

Bressani²,

Haas³

et al. 2008

Braz. oral res.

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“…(30,31) In addition, MGI has demonstrated high sensitivity for assessing resolution and progression of gingivitis. (32) Studies have indicated that MGI and BI correlate well and should produce comparable results when used together in a clinical trial. (32) Therefore, significantly lower BI and MGI scores in the text message group at T2 should be viewed as strong evidence of the effectiveness of the text messaging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Text Message Reminders on Oral Hygiene Compliance in Orthodontic Patients

Abdaljawwad¹

2016

Iraqi dent. j.

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Objective: To determine if text message reminders regarding oral hygiene have an effect on maintaining good oral hygiene in orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods: In this randomized, controlled clinical trial, 34 orthodontic patients were assigned to a text message or control group. Patients in the text message group received 2 reminder text messages each week for 4 weeks and one reminder text message for 8 weeks thereafter. Oral hygiene compliance was measured using bleeding index (BI), modified gingival index (MGI), and plaque index (PI) at baseline (T0), at 4 weeks after baseline (T1), and at 8 weeks after baseline (T2). Results: Text message group had highly significant lower BI, MGI, and PI scores than control group at T2. Conclusion: The use of text message reminders sent by the orthodontist was effective for improving oral hygiene compliance in orthodontic patients.

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“…Indices measuring a bleeding component can be used in clinical trials with success [24], but non-invasive and invasive gingival indices include both objective and subjective aspects, and the scientific evidence does not support the statement that invasive indices are truly objective. Therefore, using a visual index to assess gingivitis can be an alternative to an invasive index [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Gingivitis in Children with Developmental Disabilities

Castilho

Abreu

Souza

et al. 2016

Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr.

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Objective: To investigate factors associated with gingivitis in children aged one to 13 years with developmental disabilities. Material and Methods: A total of 408 dental records were used to recover the data. Gingivitis was measured based on the Modified Gingival Index. Other variables were also analysed: gender, age, International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code, mouth breathing, history of gastroesophageal reflux, use of psychotropic drugs, reports of dry mouth, history of asthma, use of medications to treat asthma, oral hygiene, dental caries, and filled or missing teeth in deciduous or permanent dentition. For the purposes of this analysis, the individuals were categorized as with and without gingivitis. Variables with a p-value < 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were incorporated into the logistic regression models (ICD, reflux, oral hygiene, primary tooth decay or filling, mouth breathing, dry mouth and use of psychotropic drugs). Results: We found a 14.67% prevalence of gingivitis. Individuals with mouth breathing had a 2.574-fold (95% CI: (1.113-5.950) greater chance of exhibiting gingivitis. Individuals with moderate oral hygiene had a 2.763-fold (95% CI: 1.066 to 7.160) greater chance of exhibiting gingivitis, and individuals with poor oral hygiene had a 15.029-fold (95% CI: 3.705-60.965) greater chance of exhibiting gingivitis than those with good oral hygiene. Conclusion: Moderate or poor oral hygiene and mouth breathing are factors associated with gingivitis in a group of patients with developmental disabilities at a dental service in Belo Horizonte.

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Suitability of gingival indices for use in therapeutic trials

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Professional flossing as a diagnostic method for gingivitis in the primary dentition

Professional flossing as a diagnostic method for gingivitis in the primary dentition

The Influence of Text Message Reminders on Oral Hygiene Compliance in Orthodontic Patients

Factors Associated with Gingivitis in Children with Developmental Disabilities

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