Suitability of degraded peat for constructed wetlands — Hydraulic properties and nutrient flushing

Kleimeier, Christian; Karsten, Ulf; Lennartz, Bernd

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.12.026

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This indicates that besides the K s ‐decreasing processes that take place during the K s , measurement also further processes that decrease K s over time take place. Therefore, the decrease during the interval K s test might be to time‐dependent processes such as bio‐clogging due to microbial activities (Kleimeier, Karsten, & Lennartz, ) or gas bubble formation (Kettridge et al, ). However, only a weak correlation ( r = −0.3) could be found between the duration of (de‐)salinization (which is the same for all samples in the same scenario) and the change of K s (median of each scenario).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the water salinity on the hydraulic conductivity of fen peat

Gosch

Janssen

Lennartz

2018

Hydrological Processes

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Coastal peatlands represent an interface between marine and terrestrial ecosystems; their hydrology is affected by salt and fresh water inflow alike. Previous studies on bog peat have shown that pore water salinity can have an impact on the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) of peat because of chemical pore dilation effects. In this study, we aimed at quantifying the impact of higher salinities (up to 3.5% NaCl) on Ks of fen peat. Two experiments employing a constant‐head upward‐flow permeameter and differing in measurement and salinity change duration were conducted. Additionally, a third experiment to determine the impact of water salinity on the release of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of the studied peat type was carried out. The results show a decrease of Ks with time, which does not depend on the water salinity but is differently shaped for different peat types. We assume pore clogging due to a conglomerate of physical, chemical, and biological processes, which rather depend on water movement rate and time than on water salinity. However, an increased water salinity did increase the DOC release. We conclude that salinity‐dependent behaviour of Ks is a function of peat chemistry and that for some peat types, salinity may only affect the DOC release without having a pronounced impact on water flow.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the water salinity on the hydraulic conductivity of fen peat

Gosch

Janssen

Lennartz

2018

Hydrological Processes

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“…Thus, peat soils could potentially serve as denitrification beds for CWs. However, there are few studies about the performance of peat soils as denitrification bed materials [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that peat soils have a large amount of dead-end or closed pore volumes ranging from 40 to 80 vol % of total pore spaces [21][22][23]. Large numbers of immobile pores can be found in oxygen-depleted water regions, providing a favorable region for denitrification [15]. Highly degraded peat samples have been shown to have a high fraction of small (or immobile) pore regions [24], which can increase the denitrification activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate Attenuation in Degraded Peat Soil-Based Constructed Wetlands

Kleimeier

Liu

Rezanezhad

et al. 2018

Water

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Constructed wetlands (CWs) provide favorable conditions for removing nitrate from polluted agricultural runoff via heterotrophic denitrification. Although the general operability of CWs has been shown in previous studies, the suitability of peat soils as a bed medium for a vertical flow through a system for nitrate attenuation has not been proven to date. In this study, a mesocosm experiment was conducted under continuous flow with conditions aiming to quantify nitrate (NO 3 −) removal efficiency in degraded peat soils. Input solution of NO 3 − was supplied at three different concentrations (65, 100, and 150 mg/L). Pore water samples were collected at different depths and analyzed for NO 3 − , pH, and dissolved N 2 O concentrations. The redox potential (Eh) was registered at different depths. The results showed that the median NO 3-N removal rate was 1.20 g/(m 2 •day) and the median removal efficiency was calculated as 63.5%. The nitrate removal efficiency was affected by the NO 3 − supply load, flow rate, and environmental boundary conditions. A higher NO 3 − removal efficiency was observed at an input NO 3 − concentration of 100 mg/L, a lower flow rate, and higher temperature. The results of pore water pH and NO 3 − and N 2 O levels from the bottom of the mesocosm suggest that N 2 is the dominant denitrification product. Thus, degraded peat soils showed the potential to serve as a substrate for the clean-up of nitrate-laden agricultural runoff.

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“…The measured and corrected BTCs are presented in Figure . For all of the soil cores, the recovery of the applied tracer was greater than 95%, which is indicative for a negligible bromide adsorption (Kleimeier, Karsten, & Lennartz, ). All BTCs exhibited an early breakthrough with relative concentrations C/C 0 of 0.5 occurring at less than one pore volume.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of anisotropy on solute transport in degraded fen peat soils

Wang

Liu

Zak

et al. 2020

Hydrological Processes

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Peat soils are heterogeneous, anisotropic porous media. Compared to mineral soils, there is still limited understanding of physical and solute transport properties of fen peat soils. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of soil anisotropy on solute transport in degraded fen peat. Undisturbed soil cores, taken in vertical and horizontal direction, were collected from one drained and one restored fen peatland both in a comparable state of soil degradation. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (K s ) and chemical properties of peat were determined for all soil cores. Miscible displacement

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Suitability of degraded peat for constructed wetlands — Hydraulic properties and nutrient flushing

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Impact of the water salinity on the hydraulic conductivity of fen peat

Impact of the water salinity on the hydraulic conductivity of fen peat

Nitrate Attenuation in Degraded Peat Soil-Based Constructed Wetlands

Effect of anisotropy on solute transport in degraded fen peat soils

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