Suicide rates in European OECD nations converged during the period 1990–2010

Bremberg, Sven

doi:10.1007/s00127-017-1367-z

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The overall suicide rates declined between 1979 and 2016. This was consistent with worldwide trends (Bremberg, 2017;WHO, 2019) with the exception of data from the region of the Americas. The global data could be related to higher attention being paid to mental health through the development of suicide prevention programs (Fond et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Trends and Methods of Suicide in Italy, 1979 to 2016

Terranova

2022

SAGE Open

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The epidemiology of suicide could provide interesting data for societies that are undergoing significant demographic transformations. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the scale of and trends in suicide in Italy during the period 1979 to 2016. The secondary aim was to compare rates and methods of suicide in the elderly with those in other age groups. This was a population-based study on suicide for the period 1979 to 2016. Data on suicide regarding gender and age from the Italian Institute of Statistics and the World Health Organization were examined with linear regression and ANOVA test. The data on the elderly were compared with those for other age groups. Linear regression revealed a significant decline in the overall suicide rate ( F = 180.6; p < .0001). The 45 to 54 age group accounted for the highest suicide rate in recent years (2003–2016). The second highest incidence was among the elderly, with the “young” elderly (65–75 years old) having the highest suicide rate in this group. The male-to-female suicide ratio increased proportionally with age. Hanging was the suicide method most frequently employed independently from age groups. Universal and selective preventive strategies could be developed on the basis of the results of this study. The sensitization of health professionals, families, and friends to specific circumstances could contribute to the decline in the incidence of suicide in specific circumstances of time and place. Further studies are needed in order to better understand social and clinical risk factors related to the risk of suicide in specific age groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Trends and Methods of Suicide in Italy, 1979 to 2016

Terranova

2022

SAGE Open

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“…Sixth, the current review found that suicide rates overall were not significantly associated with the included indices of economic quality and inequality. Although ours is not the only study to find that economic indices did not significantly relate to suicide rates (Bremberg, 2017;Vijayakumar, Nagaraj, Pirkis, & Whiteford, 2005), this finding is somewhat surprising in light of converging evidence, suggesting that economic factors have a significant impact on suicidal behavior (Bachmann, 2018). For instance, economic crises, and high unemployment rates in particular (Nordt, Warnke, Seifritz, & Kawohl, 2015), have been broadly linked to suicide deaths (WHO, 2014).…”

Section: (B) Malesmentioning

confidence: 72%

Annual Research Review: A meta‐analytic review of worldwide suicide rates in adolescents

Glenn¹,

Kleiman

Kellerman³

et al. 2019

Child Psychology Psychiatry

213

119

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Suicide is a leading cause of death among youth worldwide. The purpose of the current review was to examine recent cross‐national trends in suicide mortality rates among 10‐ to 19‐year‐olds. This study extracted suicide mortality data from the World Health Organization's (WHO) Mortality Database for the most recent year (since 2010) from any country with available high‐quality data (as defined by the WHO's guidelines). Data on access to lethal means (firearms, railways) and measures of economic quality (World Bank Income Group) and inequality (Gini coefficients) were obtained from publicly available data sources. Cross‐national suicide mortality rates in youth were heterogeneous. The pooled estimate across all ages, sexes, and countries was 3.77/100,000 people. The highest suicide rates were found in Estonia, New Zealand, and Uzbekistan. Suicide rates were higher among older compared with younger adolescents and higher among males than females. The most common suicide methods were hanging/suffocation and jumping/lying in front of a moving object or jumping from a height. Firearm and railway access were related to suicide deaths by firearms and jumping/lying, respectively. Economic quality and inequality were not related to overall suicide mortality rates. However, economic inequality was correlated with a higher ratio of male:female suicides. This study provides a recent update of cross‐national suicide trends in adolescents. Findings replicate prior patterns related to age, sex, geographic region, and common suicide methods. New to this review are findings relating suicide method accessibility to suicide mortality rates and the significant association between income inequality and the ratio of male:female suicide. Future research directions include expanding the worldwide coverage to more low‐ and middle‐income countries, examining demographic groupings beyond binary sex and to race/ethnicity within countries, and clarifying factors that account for cross‐national differences in suicide trends.

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“…Most studies in the literature were performed in three main countries (ie, the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada) more than 10 years ago and included small samples of trainees (Leaune et al 2019). Given the discrepancies between suicide rates (Bremberg, 2017) and psychiatric training (Kuzman et al, 2012) across countries, the decline in suicide rates in recent years in Europe (Bremberg, 2017) and recent modifications in psychiatric training programmes (Steiner, Giggie, Koh, Mangurian, & Ranz, 2014), new research on the topic is needed. More knowledge is needed to propose guidelines promoting the early detection of trainees who show the greatest risk for being strongly impacted by PS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of exposure to severe suicidal behaviours in patients during psychiatric training: An online French survey

Leaune

Durif‐Bruckert

Noelle

et al. 2019

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim Patient suicide (PS) has been identified as a frequent and stressful “occupational hazard” for mental health professionals. Studies are needed to assess the impact on psychiatric trainees of the exposure to severe patient suicidal behaviours. Methods Our cross‐sectional study aimed to measure the prevalence of exposure to PS and severe patient suicide attempts (SPSA) in French psychiatric trainees. We also assessed the emotional, traumatic and professional impacts and perceived support in the aftermath through a 62‐item online questionnaire that included the French version of the IES‐R, a composite emotional score and questions about professional practice and perceived support. All French psychiatric trainees were contacted regarding participation in the study through email and social networks between November 2017 and March 2018. Results A total of 409 trainees participated in the survey (response rate = 16.4%). 253 trainees fully completed the questionnaire. Of the 253 trainees, 43.2% were exposed to PS and 13.8% to SPSA. The exposure mostly occurred in the early stage of the training period. Ten to 15% of exposed trainees showed a high level of traumatic and emotional impact and 8.1% exhibited clinically relevant symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We found that 21.6% received no support in the aftermath, especially after PS. Conclusion A large proportion of psychiatric trainees encounter severe suicidal behaviours of patients, and a substantial part of them is highly impacted. Our results thus stress the need for programmes dedicated to the prevention of the deleterious effects of the exposure to PS or SPSA in psychiatric trainees.

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Suicide rates in European OECD nations converged during the period 1990–2010

Abstract: The study indicates that beta convergence alone explained most of the cross-national variations.

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Trends and Methods of Suicide in Italy, 1979 to 2016

Trends and Methods of Suicide in Italy, 1979 to 2016

Annual Research Review: A meta‐analytic review of worldwide suicide rates in adolescents

Impact of exposure to severe suicidal behaviours in patients during psychiatric training: An online French survey

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