Suicide rates in China, 2004–2014: comparing data from two sample-based mortality surveillance systems

Sha, Feng; Chang, Qingsong; Law, Yik Wa; Qi, Hong; Yip, Paul

doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5161-y

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This is in contrast with an earlier study which indicated no difference in the suicidality levels between rural and urban Chinese college students [42], or higher levels of suicidality among rural Chinese college students [10]. The findings may reflect the narrowing of rural:urban ratios in suicide rate, which has traditionally been higher among the rural Chinese [43].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Suicidality among Chinese college students: A cross-sectional study across seven provinces

et al. 2020

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Background Although the suicide rate in China has decreased over the past 20 years, there have been reports that the younger age group has been experiencing an increased incidence of completed suicide. Given that undergraduate groups are at higher risks of suicidality, it is important to monitor and screen for risk factors for suicidal ideation and behaviors to ensure their well-being. Objective To examine the risk and protective factors contributing to suicidality among undergraduate college students in seven provinces in China. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 13,387 college students from seven universities in Ningxia, Shandong, Shanghai, Jilin, Qinghai, Shaanxi, and Xinjiang. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. Results Higher scores in the psychological strain, depression, anxiety, stress, and psychache (psychological risk factors for suicidality) and lower scores in self-esteem and purpose in life (psychological protective factors against suicidality) were associated with increased suicidality among undergraduate students in China. Demographic factors which were associated with higher risks of suicidality were female gender, younger age, bad academic results,

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Suicidality among Chinese college students: A cross-sectional study across seven provinces

et al. 2020

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“…The prevalence of depressive disorders and other mental disorders, which are major underlying causes of self-harm, 26 did not change, suggesting that the decline in self-harm deaths was largely due to other factors such as better access to mental health services, urbanisation, and a reduction in access to more lethal means of suicide. 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 The increase in DALY rates of neonatal disorders in this age group is a downside to the large improvements in neonatal survival, causing a greater proportion of the surviving babies to have long-term neurological and sensory deficits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Vos¹,

Lim²,

Abbafati³

et al. 2020

The Lancet

8,714

5,958

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Background In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries.Methods GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution.Findings Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990-2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0-9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10-24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the...

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“…There were nearly 120.7 thousand deaths from suicide in China in 2012, accounting for 15% of global suicide deaths [1]. Suicide rates in China decreased significantly during the past 30 years [2, 3]. However, it remains the third most common external cause of death, following road traffic accidents and falls [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of being threatened or injured with a weapon in school with suicidal ideation and attempt among school students: a school-based study in Zhejiang Province, China

Wang

Bragg

et al. 2018

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundSuicide is the second leading cause of death among 15–29 year old youths globally, and the third most common external cause of death in China. School bullying can cause serious consequences among adolescents, including psychosocial problems, low self-esteem and post-traumatic stress disorder. Most studies examining the associations between being bullied in school and suicide are from Western, developed countries. Moreover, few studies focus on being threatened or injured with a weapon, which may cause serious body injury. Our study aimed to explore the relationship of being threatened or injured with a weapon in school with suicidal ideation and attempt among middle and high school students in Zhejiang Province, China.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 23,543 students in grades 7–12 from 442 schools was carried out through an anonymous self-administered questionnaire between April and May 2017. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship of being threatened or injured with a weapon in school with suicidal ideation and attempt.Results51.3% of participants were boys, and mean (SD) age was 15.6 (1.7) years. The overall prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt were 16.1% (95%CI: 15.3–16.9) and 3.6% (95%CI: 3.3–4.0), respectively. Prevalence was higher among girls than boys (ideation: 19.1% vs. 13.3%. attempt: 4.4% vs. 2.9%). 13.2% of students reported being threatened or injured with a weapon in school in the past 12 months (95%CI: 11.9–14.5), higher among boys than girls (15.7% vs. 10.5%), and among rural students than urban students (13.9% vs. 11.6%). After adjustment for socio-demographic status, lifestyle factors, academic performance, self-reported health and mental health, the odds ratios for suicidal ideation and attempt among students who reported being threatened or injured with a weapon were 1.46 (1.31–1.61) and 1.68 (1.31–2.13) respectively, as compared with those who did not report being threatened or injured.ConclusionsPreventive measures for physical bullying in school need to be reinforced in China. Being threatened or injured with a weapon is associated with both suicidal ideation and attempt among middle and high school students. Suicide prevention should be an important component of psychological interventions for threatened or injured students.

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Suicide rates in China, 2004–2014: comparing data from two sample-based mortality surveillance systems

Cited by 34 publications

References 26 publications

Suicidality among Chinese college students: A cross-sectional study across seven provinces

Suicidality among Chinese college students: A cross-sectional study across seven provinces

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Relationship of being threatened or injured with a weapon in school with suicidal ideation and attempt among school students: a school-based study in Zhejiang Province, China

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