Suicide Rate, Depression and the Human Development Index: An Ecological Study From Mexico

Cabello-Rangel, Héctor; Márquez-Caraveo, María Elena; Díaz-Castro, Lina

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.561966

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…These associations remained through all our analyses. We found high frequencies of depression and anxiety among our patients compared with the mean prevalence in Mexico [ 40 ]. The frequency of mood disorders in our sample was similar to those reported in RA patients in other countries [ 16 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality and Associated Factors in Individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Juárez-Rojop,

Fresán,

Genis-Mendoza

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Poor sleep quality has been frequently observed in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. In the present study, we analyzed the presence of poor sleep quality in a sample of Mexican individuals with rheumatoid arthritis; then, we compared sociodemographic and clinical characteristics among patients to determine risk factors for poor sleep quality. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 102 individuals with rheumatoid arthritis from a hospital in Mexico. We evaluated disease activity (DAS28), quality of sleep using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the presence of depression and anxiety with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. We performed a Chi-square test and a t-test. Then, we performed a logistic regressions model of the associated features in a univariable analysis. Results: Poor sleep quality was observed in 41.75% of the individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. Being married was a proactive factor (OR 0.04, 95% CI 0.1–0.9, p = 0.04), whereas having one’s hips affected or presenting with anxiety and depression was associated with poor sleep quality (OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.2–17.69, p = 0.02). After a multivariate analysis, having anxiety (OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.4–17.7, p < 0.01) and depression (OR 9.2, 95% CI 1.0–8.1, p < 0.01) remained associated with a higher risk of having poor sleep quality. Other clinical characteristics among patients were not significantly different. Conclusions: Our results showed that individuals with rheumatoid arthritis who also presented with depression or anxiety had a higher risk of suffering from poor sleep quality. However, more studies with larger samples are necessary to replicate these results in the Mexican population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality and Associated Factors in Individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Juárez-Rojop,

Fresán,

Genis-Mendoza

et al. 2023

Medicina

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“…A recent ecological study in Mexico compared areas with high and low suicide rates and found no significant difference in education level between the two groups (35). Another largescale study in southern Iran shows that people who commit suicide by self-immolation have lower education level (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Family-Related Factors on Suicide in Major Depression Patients

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveTo explore the influence of family-related factors on suicide-related behaviors of patients with major depression disorder, and to provide scientific evidence for effective preventive measures.MethodsA total of 852 outpatients at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were enrolled in this cross-sectional study from April 2019 to January 2021. The general demographic information and family-related information of the patients were collected via a general information questionnaire, the Family Assessment Device, the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.ResultsParticipants without suicide-related behaviors accounted for 10.45% of the total sample, those with suicidal ideation accounted for 47.54%, those with suicidal plans accounted for 24.77% and with suicidal attempts for 17.25%. Patients with major depression disorder who have lower education level, who were separated from their parents, who have severely impaired family function, who experienced childhood abuse, and whose parents adopted apathetic and severe child-rearing styles had a higher risk of suicide-related behaviors. In the multivariate regression model, degree of major depression disorder, education and child-rearing style were independent risk factors for suicide-related behaviors.ConclusionPatients with major depression disorder who have been separated from their parents, have severely impaired family function, were abused in childhood or have been exposed to improper childrearing styles have a greater risk of suicide. Family-related factors play a predictive role in suicide in patients with major depression disorder. More attention should be paid to family-related factors to reduce the occurrence of suicidal ideation and attempt.

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“…These results partially support the observation that a low educational level is a more robust predictor of suicidal behaviour and broader health outcomes than income level. 22 23 Educational attainment, reflective of the material and intellectual resources accrued from one’s family of origin and typically acquired during the early stages of life, is moderated by accessibility to education and intellectual capacity and potentially exerts influence on an individual’s cognitive abilities, thus shaping opportunities to adopt health-enhancing behaviours. Significantly, our multivariable MR analysis showed that the link between genetically predicted educational attainment and suicide attempts was not mitigated on adjustment for intelligence and cognitive performance, indicating the presence of mechanisms that act independently of these intermediary phenotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the educational inequalities in suicide attempts and their mediators: a Mendelian randomisation study

Zhu,

Liu,

Gao

et al. 2024

Gen Psych

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BackgroundEducational inequalities in suicide have become increasingly prominent over the past decade. Elucidating modifiable risk factors that serve as intermediaries in the impact of low educational attainment on suicide has the potential to reduce health disparities.AimsTo examine the risk factors that mediate the relationship between educational attainment and suicide attempts and quantify their contributions to the mediation effect.MethodsWe conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis to estimate the causal effect of educational attainment on suicide attempts, utilising genome-wide association study summary statistics from the Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH; 6024 cases and 44 240 controls) and FinnGen (8978 cases and 368 299 controls). We systematically evaluated 42 putative mediators within the causal pathway connecting reduced educational attainment to suicide attempts and employed two-step and multivariable MR to quantify the proportion of the mediated effect.ResultsIn the combined analysis of iPSYCH and FinnGen, each standard deviation (SD) decrease in genetically predicted educational attainment (equating to 3.4 years of education) was associated with a 105% higher risk of suicide attempts (odds ratio (OR): 2.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.81 to 2.31). Of the 42 risk factors analysed, the two-step MR identified five factors that mediated the association between educational attainment and suicide attempts. The respective proportions of mediation were 47% (95% CI: 29% to 66%) for smoking behaviour, 36% (95% CI: 0% to 84%) for chronic pain, 49% (95% CI: 36% to 61%) for depression, 35% (95% CI: 12% to 59%) for anxiety and 26% (95% CI: 18% to 34%) for insomnia. Multivariable MR implicated these five mediators collectively, accounting for 68% (95% CI: 40% to 96%) of the total effect.ConclusionsThis study identified smoking, chronic pain and mental disorders as primary intervention targets for attenuating suicide risk attributable to lower educational levels in the European population.

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Suicide Rate, Depression and the Human Development Index: An Ecological Study From Mexico

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality and Associated Factors in Individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality and Associated Factors in Individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study

The Influence of Family-Related Factors on Suicide in Major Depression Patients

Understanding the educational inequalities in suicide attempts and their mediators: a Mendelian randomisation study

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