Suicide in India: Distinct Epidemiological Patterns and Implications

Mythri, Starlin Vijay; Ebenezer, Johann Alex

doi:10.4103/0253-7176.194917

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…28,29,31 Indian studies on suicide revealed rates up to 82 to 95/100,000 especially in the rural population and in southern India. 32,33 The studies further revealed that suicide rates were higher in younger women with hanging and organophosphorus pesticide consumption as the common methods. Lower socioeconomic status, alcohol abuse, and interpersonal issues were associated with suicide in India.…”

Section: Evidence From Developing Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32 Contrasting with western and Southeast Asian literature on suicide, depression was noted in only 3.8% of the suicides in India and was associated with alcohol use disorders, financial and interpersonal issues. 33 Concisely stating, the prevalence, methods, psychiatric morbidity, and risk factors for suicide in LMICs differed from the western population and thus adding value for undertaking the current study in a developing nation such as India.…”

Section: Evidence From Developing Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of Risk Factors Associated with Suicide Attempt in Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I

Subramanian

Menon

Sarkar

et al. 2020

JNRP

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Background Suicide is the leading contributor to mortality in bipolar disorder (BD). A history of suicidal attempt is a robust predictive marker for future suicide attempts. Personality profiles and coping strategies are the areas of contemporary research in bipolar suicides apart from clinical and demographic risk factors. However, similar research in developing countries is rarer. Objectives The present study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with suicidal attempts in BD type I (BD-I). Materials and Methods Patients with BD-I currently in clinical remission (N = 102) were recruited. Sociodemographic details and the clinical data were collected using a semistructured pro forma. The psychiatric diagnoses were confirmed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0. The National Institute of Mental Health–Life Chart Methodology Clinician Retrospective Chart was used to chart the illness course. Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale, Coping Strategies Inventory Short Form, Buss–Perry aggression questionnaire, Past Feelings and Acts of Violence, and Barratt Impulsivity scale were used to assess the patient’s stress scores, coping skills, aggression, violence, and impulsivity, respectively. Statistical Analysis Descriptive statistics were used for demographic details and characteristics of the illness course. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the predictors for lifetime suicide attempt in BD-I. Results A total of 102 patients (males = 49 and females = 53) with BD-I were included. Thirty-seven subjects (36.3%) had a history of suicide attempt. The illness course in suicide attempters more frequently had an index episode of depression, was encumbered with frequent mood episodes, especially in depression, and had a higher propensity for psychiatric comorbidities. On binary logistic regression analysis, the odds ratios (ORs) for predicting a suicide attempt were highest for positive family history of suicide (OR: 13.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–145.38, p = 0.030), followed by the presence of an index depressive episode (OR: 6.88, 95% CI: 1.70–27.91, p = 0.007), and lower scores on problem-focused disengagement (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56–0.92, p = 0.009). Conclusion BD-I patients with lifetime suicide attempt differ from non-attempters on various course-related and temperamental factors. However, an index episode depression, family history of suicide, and lower problem-focused engagement can predict lifetime suicide attempt in patients with BD-I.

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Section: Evidence From Developing Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evidence From Developing Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Risk Factors Associated with Suicide Attempt in Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I

Subramanian

Menon

Sarkar

et al. 2020

JNRP

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“…Soaring rates of suicide are a subject of increasing concern in the public discourse as well as for the state in India. Between 2005 and 2015, the national rate of suicide grew by over 17% and remains significantly higher than global averages (Mythri and Ebenezer ). Patterns also suggest variations from typical global demographics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Killing Us Slowly: Pre‐Empting Suicide at a Women’s Hostel in Chennai

Krishnan

2019

Antipode

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This paper draws on ethnographic research in Chennai to unpack the preemptive logic that shapes anti-suicide interventions at hostels-dormitories-for collegegoing women in this city. Its central contention is that a concern for the production of a presumed future becomes, in hostels, a governmental technology that is used to limit young women's lifeworlds in the present. These regimes of intervention reinforce the unliveability of attachments, intimacies and affects that popular discourse and scaled-up demographic narrative associate with the potential for suicide. Building from this, the paper also shows that such regimes engender feelings of suffocation and attrition among the young women who live in hostels. "Being slowly killed", as they call it, draws attention to suicide not as a spectacular event but as a site where the terms of everyday life are remade.

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“…Until now under section 309, as suicide attempt was a criminal offence, possibly there was underreporting of this figure. 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 However now as our Parliament changed the law and therefore we presume our staff to be sympathetic, rather than put these patients under criminal jurisprudence. 16 Only by analysing this patient population, we will be able to know its reasons and possibly construct intelligent interventions to prevent it in future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Demographic Profile of Patients Admitted With a Diagnosis of Alleged Self-Harm at a Teaching Hospital in Hindi Heartland

Agrawal¹,

Tiwary²,

Nigam³

et al. 2019

jebmh

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BACKGROUND At any point of time, we can observe several cases of alleged self-harm in our medical wards. Although most of the studies look at nature and types of poison and its management & prognosis, there is a lack of data to analyse demographic profile of these victims. We wanted to assess demography including age, sex, marital status, religion, locality and mode of suicide of patients presenting to emergency department of our tertiary care hospital in North India. METHODS We looked into admission register of emergency department of our hospital and sorted out data of patients of alleged suicidal attempt. RESULTS We collected data of 408 patients admitted to our hospital. 365 (90%) were Hindus and rest belonged to other religions. 367 (90%) attempted suicide by poisoning, 36 (9%) by hanging and 5 (1%) by self-injury, including cutting wrist. 252 (62%) were males and 156 (38%) females. Out of these 156 females, 97 (62%) were married and rest 59 (38%) unmarried. CONCLUSIONS Suicide is a public health challenge. To control the problem, we need to measure its dimensions in its fullest extent. By looking at demography of these patients, we made an attempt to identify vulnerable population. And in the next step, potentially preventable measures should be taken to help the victims.

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Suicide in India: Distinct Epidemiological Patterns and Implications

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Study of Risk Factors Associated with Suicide Attempt in Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I

Study of Risk Factors Associated with Suicide Attempt in Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I

Killing Us Slowly: Pre‐Empting Suicide at a Women’s Hostel in Chennai

Assessment of Demographic Profile of Patients Admitted With a Diagnosis of Alleged Self-Harm at a Teaching Hospital in Hindi Heartland

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