Suicide by jumping from bridges and other heights: Social and diagnostic factors

Reisch, Thomas; Schuster, Ursula; Michel, Konrad

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.06.028

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Historical sites have often been identified as hot spots of suicidal behavior, which may be due to the symbolic meaning and the public attention to such places attracting certain groups of suicidal individuals. 11,12 Also, media reporting on suicidal behavior in the subway has been shown to be associated with increases in this suicide method and seems to contribute to the attraction of a suicide site. Specifically, on the Viennese subway, there was a sharp increase of suicidal incidents between 1983 and 1987, which was a period of sensationalist media reporting about subway suicides.…”

Section: Structural Station Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both short-term copycat behaviors occurring in specific, often high-profile locations shortly after media reporting about suicidal behavior and long-term effects of media reporting on the force of attraction of suicide sites have been discussed in the literature. 11,12 Passenger-based Station Characteristics Suicidal behavior has been discussed to increase with the crowdedness of a station in terms of station size and passenger flow. 1,3,5 On the Montreal and New York subways, a considerable proportion of suicide cases was identified as drug users.…”

Section: Structural Station Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding indicates that there was no "public memory" of specific stations reported as suicide spots in the media which persisted after the stop of media reporting. 3,11,15 …”

Section: Further Noteworthy Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictors of Suicide and Suicide Attempt in Subway Stations: A Population-based Ecological Study

Niederkrotenthaler

Sonneck²,

Dervic

et al. 2012

J Urban Health

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Suicidal behavior on the subway often involves young people and has a considerable impact on public life, but little is known about factors associated with suicides and suicide attempts in specific subway stations. Between 1979 and 2009, 185 suicides and 107 suicide attempts occurred on the subway in Vienna, Austria. Station-specific suicide and suicide attempt rates (defined as the frequency of suicidal incidents per time period) were modeled as the outcome variables in bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression models. Structural station characteristics (presence of a surveillance unit, train types used, and construction on street level versus other construction), contextual station characteristics (neighborhood to historical sites, size of the catchment area, and in operation during time period of extensive media reporting on subway suicides), and passenger-based characteristics (number of passengers getting on the trains per day, use as meeting point by drug users, and socioeconomic status of the population in the catchment area) were used as the explanatory variables. In the multivariate analyses, subway suicides increased when stations were served by the faster train type. Subway suicide attempts increased with the daily number of passengers getting on the trains and with the stations' use as meeting points by drug users. The findings indicate that there are some differences between subway suicides and suicide attempts. Completed suicides seem to vary most with train type used. Suicide attempts seem to depend mostly on passenger-based characteristics, specifically on the station's crowdedness and on its use as meeting point by drug users. Suicide-preventive interventions should concentrate on crowded stations and on stations frequented by risk groups.

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Section: Structural Station Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Station Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictors of Suicide and Suicide Attempt in Subway Stations: A Population-based Ecological Study

Niederkrotenthaler

Sonneck²,

Dervic

et al. 2012

J Urban Health

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“…Based on the LiSat-11 instrument "satisfaction with life as a whole" was also higher in the younger patients. Studies in survivors after jumping have shown a high proportion of patients being treated for psychiatric disorders already prior to the suicide attempt (2, 3, 7, 9, 14,15,19). It has also been shown that patients with mental disorders sustain more severe injuries when falling from a height, compared with patients with no mental disorder (4).…”

Section: Scid-interviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of Life in Patients Operated for Pelvic Fractures Caused by Suicide Attempt by Jumping

2010

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Background and Aims: jumping from great height is an aggressive method of suicide attempt where the frequent combination of psychiatric disorder and somatic injuries makes treatment difficult. our aim was to evaluate survival rate and get patient-reported outcome in patients operated for a pelvic or acetabular fracture sustained when jumping from a height as a suicide attempt.Patients and Methods: during the period 2003-2004, 12 patients (11 women) of whom eight were below 30 years of age, were prospectively included. at two years HrQol (Health-related Quality of life) questionnaires (sf-36 and lisat-11) were used to describe outcome, and at four years a structured psychiatric interview scid-i (structured clinical interview for dsm-iv axis i disorders) was done.Results: at four years all patients were alive. one patient had made a new suicide attempt. eight patients gave adequate reply on sf-36 and lisat-11 at two years. in all domains patients scored lower than a norm group with the relatively lowest values in physical domains. younger patients assessed life as better when compared with middle aged patients.Conclusions: this study showed a very low recurrence rate into suicidal behaviour in a group of jumpers and all patients were alive at four years after a suicidal attempt by jumping. the high proportion of psychiatric disorder in these patients highlights the need for a combined treatment effort between orthopaedic and psychiatric expertise.

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“…Particularly women [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and people with serious psychiatric disorders choose this method. 9,10,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Falling from a height, usually from a building, is common in suicide. It can occur in some accidents and occasionally could be homicidal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Her Life Ended Jumping From the Fifth Floor

Pentone

Innamorato

Donno

2015

American Journal of Forensic Medicine &Amp; Pathology

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In January 2014, a dead woman was found lying near the back entrance of a building belonging to Bari University Hospital compound. After the external examination and identification of the corpse, through history, circumstances, and postmortem findings, it was supposed that the woman probably committed suicide, by jumping from the nearby building. But only after additional investigation of the scene was it possible to locate the window through which the victim had jumped, by assessing the height from which she leapt. We underline the importance of the examination of the scene. It has to be done with circumspection, even in cases that could be considered routine, paying attention to details, not excluding things that, at first glance, seem to be unnecessary. Inspection needs time, patience and accuracy, knowledge, competence, and intuition and must be the result of an efficient team action. Furthermore the occurrence of suicides, particularly jumping from a height, among immediate postdischarge psychiatric patients, stresses the importance of immediate follow-up treatment and alternative preventive strategies, considering, of course, the feasibility of structural means.

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Suicide by jumping from bridges and other heights: Social and diagnostic factors

Cited by 37 publications

References 36 publications

Predictors of Suicide and Suicide Attempt in Subway Stations: A Population-based Ecological Study

Predictors of Suicide and Suicide Attempt in Subway Stations: A Population-based Ecological Study

Quality of Life in Patients Operated for Pelvic Fractures Caused by Suicide Attempt by Jumping

Her Life Ended Jumping From the Fifth Floor

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