Suicide attempts among sexual-minority youths: Population and measurement issues.

Savin‐Williams, Ritch C.

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.69.6.983

Cited by 130 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…One major concern was that most studies measured only reported attempts and not severity of attempts. He measured reported suicide attempts and severity of attempts in two separate studies (87). In the first study of 83 lesbian, bisexual, and Gender nonconforming: refers to individuals who are perceived by others as too masculine (for females) or too feminine (for males) relative to societal norms questioning women ages 18-25, he found that 29% of the 34 reported suicide attempts were not actual attempts but rather were ideations or plans with no attempt.…”

Section: Suicidalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health and Health Care of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adolescents

Coker

Austin

Schuster

2010

Annu. Rev. Public Health

312

221

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Adolescents face a variety of challenges in their transition to adulthood; lesbian, gay, and bisexual adolescents face these typical challenges as well as additional challenges that are related to the social stigma of their sexual orientation. For some lesbian, gay, and bisexual adolescents, this stigma may induce psychosocial stress, leading to increased health risk behaviors and poorer health outcomes. In this article, we review data on the health and health care of LGB adolescents. We examine health indicators and health risks for LGB youth, including substance use, eating disorders, suicidality, risky sexual behaviors, violence exposure and victimization, and homelessness. We also examine health care provision and utilization for LGB youth. Lastly, we discuss ways in which researchers and clinicians can improve LGB adolescent health and health care.

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Section: Suicidalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health and Health Care of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adolescents

Coker

Austin

Schuster

2010

Annu. Rev. Public Health

312

221

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“…Second, we must address whether reported suicide attempts are actual attempts. Savin-Williams (2001) found that 29% of reported attempts (10/34) among non-heterosexual female college students were "false" attempts because the youths ideated, planned, or had a method for attempting suicide, but did not actually attempt suicide. However, youths from the present study appear to accurately report suicide attempts because nearly all attempters were able to offer a potentially lethal method of how they attempted, the majority required medical attention for their attempt, and their reports of suicidality were unrelated to social desirability.…”

Section: Implications For Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We respond to this oversight and hypothesize that lower self-esteem or social support and more negative social relationships mediate the associations of suicidality with subsequent changes in distress. We also add that if over-reporting of suicide attempts or other self-presentation effects explain the high rates of suicidality among GLB youths (Savin-Williams, 2001), social desirability should mediate the relation of suicidality with subsequent distress. …”

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confidence: 99%

Psychological Distress Following Suicidality Among Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Youths: Role of Social Relationships

Rosario

Schrimshaw²,

Hunter³

2005

J Youth Adolescence

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Longitudinal relations between past suicidality and subsequent changes in psychological distress at follow-up were examined among gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) youths, as were psychosocial factors (e.g., self-esteem, social support, negative social relationships) that might mediate or moderate this relation. Past suicide attempters were found to have higher levels of depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, and conduct problems at a later time than youths who neither attempted nor ideated. Psychosocial factors failed to mediate this relation. The interaction among past suicidality, social support, and negative relationships was associated with subsequent changes in all three psychological distress indicators six months later. Specifically, high levels of support (either from family or friends) or negative relationships were found to predict increased psychological distress among those with a history of suicide attempts, but not among youths without a history of suicidality. The findings suggest that GLB youths who attempt suicide continue to have elevated levels of psychological distress long after their attempt and they highlight the importance of social relationships in the youths' psychological distress at follow-up. Keywordsgay; lesbian; bisexual adolescents; suicide attempts; suicidal ideation; psychological distress; conduct problems; self-esteem; social support; negative social relationships; longitudinal research Suicide is a critical public health concern among gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) youths. These youths live in a society that stigmatizes and condemns homosexuality (e.g., Herek,To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Psychology, The City University of New York -The City College and Graduate Center, NAC Building 7-120, Convent Avenue and 138 th Street, New York, NY 10031. mrosario@gc.cuny.edu. Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the biannual meeting of the European Association for Research on Adolescence, Oxford, UK, September 2002; and, at . Thus, it is unsurprising that many GLB youths, given their young age and developmentally limited coping strategies, have considered or attempted suicide in response to the stigmatization (e.g., Bontempo & D'Augelli, 2002;Hershberger & D'Augelli, 1995). Indeed, the prevalence of suicidality is elevated among GLB youths (see below). However, nothing is known about the long-term implications of suicidality among GLB youths. The present report on GLB youths examines the relation of suicidality on subsequent psychological distress at follow-up and further investigates psychosocial factors that mediate or moderate the relation between suicidality and changes in psychological distress. Prevalence of Suicidality Among GLB YouthsStudies employing representative samples have found a significantly higher prevalence of suicide attempts among GLB youths than heterosexual youths: between 21% and 35% within the past year among GLB youths and between 4% and 14% among heterosexual youths (Faulkner & Cranston, 1998;Fergusson et al...

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“…A decision was made to refer to sexual attractions (and not sexual identity labels) during this introduction for engagement reasons, because many sexual minority youth are unlikely to classify themselves as lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB) (Savin-Williams, 2001). After the introductory section, the user is then encouraged to customize their character, and in the Rainbow Version they were not restricted by specific "girl" or "boy" choices.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainbow SPARX: A Novel Approach to Addressing Depression in Sexual Minority Youth

Lucassen

Merry

Hatcher

et al. 2015

Cognitive and Behavioral Practice

124

226

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Highlights: Psychotherapies for sexual minority youth should be sensitive to their unique needs. Computerised CBT was acceptable and feasible to deliver to this population. Preliminary data on the effectiveness of Rainbow SPARX were promising (d=1.01). Rainbow SPARX can be used as an adjunct to face-to-face therapy. Our objectives for the open pilot trial were: 1) to ascertain the acceptability of Rainbow SPARX (using the results of a post-intervention satisfaction questionnaire and by establishing completion rates); 2) to assess feasibility (based on recruitment and uptake rates); and, 3) to collect preliminary data on the program"s effectiveness. *Highlights (for review) Method ParticipantsParticipants were sexual minority youth (i.e. young people attracted to the same sex, both sexes, or not sure of their sexual attractions) aged 13 to 19 years old with depressive symptoms (i.e. Child Depression Rating Scale -Revised raw score ≥30) at baseline, living in Auckland (a city and region with over 1.5 million people), New Zealand. Sexual minority youth with severe depressive symptoms, at risk of suicide or self-harm could be included, provided they reported Potential participants who were not receiving the necessary face-to-face support preintervention were not excluded from the study, but were referred for support by the researcher (ML). Those receiving antidepressant medication or other relevant therapies (e.g. CBT or interpersonal therapy) were able to take part; these additional treatments were documented at the pre-intervention assessment. Participants were excluded if they were adolescents exclusively sexually attracted to the opposite sex (i.e. they responded that they were attracted to the opposite sex in the sexual attraction question).The mean age of the open trial participants (n=21) was 16.5 years (range 13-19 years, SD=1.6) and 11 participants (52.4%) identified as male. In terms of ethnicity, 15 (71.4%) were New Zealand European, 2 (9.5%) were Māori, 1 (4.8%) was of a Pacific ethnicity and 3 (14.3%)were Asian. Seven of the 21 participants were receiving professional help for mental health issues at baseline, with one of these participants receiving two forms of assistance: four participants were engaged in weekly (or more frequent) counseling at a high school or a tertiarylevel educational institution, and they had all been attending sessions for more than three months; two participants were taking antidepressants and both had been prescribed these for more than three months; and, two of the participants were current clients of a state-funded outpatient child and adolescent mental health service. ProceduresA youth-led organization for sexual minority youth promoted the study and four high schools supportive of this initiative also encouraged participation. The study was advertised and endorsed by the sexual minority media. Written parental and participant informed consent was CCBT FOR DEPRESSION IN SEXUAL MINORITY YOUTH 8 obtained from those under 16 and young people were able to provide written ...

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Suicide attempts among sexual-minority youths: Population and measurement issues.

Cited by 130 publications

References 44 publications

The Health and Health Care of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adolescents

The Health and Health Care of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adolescents

Psychological Distress Following Suicidality Among Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Youths: Role of Social Relationships

Rainbow SPARX: A Novel Approach to Addressing Depression in Sexual Minority Youth

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