Suicide and Family Constellation in India

Gehlot, Prateek; Nathawat, S. S.

doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1983.37.2.273

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The overall incidence of suicide by self-immolation found in this study is in general agreement with the findings of other studies reported from other countries (Sheth et al 1994;Gehlot and Nathawat 1983;Singh et al 1982;O'Donoghue et al 1998;Ho and Ying 2001;McDonald 2004;BBC Monitoring South Asia 2004;Mzezewa et al 2000;Laoe and Ganesan 2002;Palmu et al 2004;Nakae et al 2003). Similar to research reports from other provinces in the country (Rastegar and Alaghebandan 2004;Zarghami and Khalilian 2002;Groohi et al 2002;Dibaei and Gharebagi 2000;Esfandiari 2001;Ganizadeh et al 1996), there was an increasing trend of self-immolation over time in the northeast region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In contrast to the wide range of published research on the occurrence and epidemiological features of suicide by self-immolation (Cave Bondi et al 2001;Rastegar Lari and Alaghebandan 2004;Sheth et al 1994;Gehlot and Nathawat 1983;Singh et al 1982;Zarghami and Khalilian 2002;Hamshahri Newspaper 2000;Açikel et al 2001;Groohi et al 2002;Dibaei and Gharebagi 2000;Rothschild et al 2001;O'Donoghue et al 1998;Ho and Ying 2001;McDonald 2004;Iran Newspaper 2004;BBC Monitoring South Asia 2004;Mabrouk et al 1999;Mzezewa et al 2000;Laoe and Ganesan 2002;Wagle et al 1999;Kumar 2003;Esfandiari 2001;Cameron et al 1997;Krummen et al 1998;Ganizadeh et al 1996;Palmu et al 2004;Nakae et al 2003;Haberal et al 1989), few published data are available on the survival patterns, prognosis, and predictor factors of this type of suicide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The occurrence of, and reasons for, self-immolation vary, however, in different countries, ranging from socioeconomic issues to political protests (Cave Bondi et al 2001;Rastegar Lari and Alaghebandan 2004;Sheth et al 1994;Gehlot and Nathawat 1983;Singh et al 1982;Zarghami and Khalilian 2002;Hamshahri Newspaper 2000;Açikel et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence, survival pattern and prognosis of self-immolation: a case study in Iran

et al. 2005

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Aim: Our aim was to describe the survival pattern and prognostic predictors of individuals attempting suicide by self-immolation. Subjects and methods: We performed a cohort study of all self-immolation subjects diagnosed/registered between 1988 and 2004 in the Sina University Hospital of the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Cases were followed from diagnosis/admission to recovery or death. Results: Of 117 cases, 91 died, giving a case fatality rate of 78% (95% CI: 69-84). Most subjects were married (58%), female (78%) and from urban areas (66%). The proportion of subjects surviving to 2 and 6 weeks were 29% and 5%, respectively. Most deaths occurred in the early days after the event. Univariate analysis revealed survival to be significantly lower in subjects with more than 75% burns in the total surface body area (TSBA) (P=0.0001), those with burns in the head and neck (P=0.003), and in the trunk (P=0.004), genital organs (P=0.027), upper limbs (P=0.013) and lower limbs (P=0.0001). No statistical differences in survival were observed by gender, marital status, residence status, tools used for suicide, income, history of family conflict, age or weight. Using the Cox proportional hazard model, cases with more than 75% burns in TSBA (RR=2.6, 95% CI: 1.6-4.3), those with burns in the head and neck (RR=2.5, 95% CI: 1.1-5.2), and those with burns in the lower limbs (RR=5.8, 95% CI: 2.2-14.9) were at higher risk of dying than others. Conclusion: One in ten subjects attempting suicide by self-immolation survives for at least 5 weeks. Further epidemiological and qualitative studies are required to determine prognosis more precisely, and to elucidate the public health impacts and socio-economic origins of such tragic events, as well as health care needs and preventive strategies in high risk populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Incidence, survival pattern and prognosis of self-immolation: a case study in Iran

et al. 2005

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“…[7] This over representation could also be due to the disintegration of joint family system within the society which has led to change in family environment and added burden on the family members. [21]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial Stressors and Patterns of Coping in Adolescent Suicide Attempters

Mathew¹,

Subha²

2013

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine

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Context:Different risk factors associated with adolescent suicide attempts have been identified including those of socio-demographic and clinical variables. Relatively, little research has been done in the area of their stressors and coping patterns.Aims:To study the recent psychosocial stressors and patterns of coping associated with adolescent suicide attempts.Settings and Design:Tertiary care hospital, case-control study.Materials and Methods:One hundred consecutive cases of adolescent attempted suicide admitted to the hospital and an equal number of controls, matched individually for age and sex, from the relatives and friends of other patients in the ward, were studied. Assessment included details regarding socio-demographic data, psychiatric and physical morbidity, their recent stressors, and patterns of coping. Stressors were assessed using Presumptive Stressful Life Event Scale and coping strategies by Ways of Coping Questionnaire (revised).Statistical Analysis:Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:The number of stressful life events and mean stress scores in the preceding 1 month and certain coping strategies such as confronting, distancing, and escape-avoidance were found to be significant risk factors associated with adolescent suicide attempts. Strategies such as self-control, seeking social support, accepting responsibilities, problem solving, and positive appraisal act as protective factors.Conclusions:Recent stressors and strategies such as confronting, distancing, and escape-avoidance are significant risk factors associated with adolescent suicide attempts, whereas certain coping strategies act as protective factors. Teaching adolescents these protective coping patterns may be a promising strategy for prevention of adolescent suicide attempts.

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“…[33] Attempts by persons from extended families were mostly attributed to mental illness and stress in contrast to those from nuclear families. This suggests that factors specific to nuclear families might be involved in many attempts, which would need further study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile of risk factors associated with suicide attempts: A study from Orissa, India

Kar

2010

Indian J Psychiatry

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Context:Periodic systematic profiling of suicidal risk factors in developing countries is an established need.Aims:It was intended to study the risk factors associated with suicide attempts in Orissa, one of the most economically compromised states of India.Settings and Design:Cross-sectional study in a general hospital.Materials and Methods:Consecutive 149 suicide attempters were evaluated for psychosocial, situational, and clinical risk factors using the Risk Rescue Rating scale, Suicide Prevention Center scale, Lethality of Suicide Rating scale, and Presumptive Stressful Life Event scale. They were compared with healthy and psychiatric controls who had never attempted suicide.Statistical analysis:Chi-square for comparison of categorical variables, t-tests for comparison of means.Results:The male-to-female ratio was closer to one in adults and around 1:3 in adolescents. Younger age, lower-middle economic group, rural background, unemployed, school educated were more represented in this study. Compared to the controls, significantly more number of attempters had a family history of psychiatric illness and suicide, childhood trauma, medical consultation within one month, had experienced stressful life events and had expressed suicidal ideas. In a considerable proportion of attempts, risk was high and rescuability least; 59.1% had more than 50% chance of death. Suicide potential was high in almost half the cases. More than 80% of all attempters had psychiatric disorder; however, only 31.5% had had treatment.Factors like middle age, family history of psychiatric disorders, past psychiatric history, current psychiatric illness, communication of suicidal ideas, the use of physical methods, and high potential attempts, differentiated repeaters significantly from the first-timers. Major physical illness, family and marital conflicts, financial problems, and failure in examinations were more frequent life events. Childhood trauma, noted in around 40% of the attempters, was considerably associated with adolescent suicide attempts.Conclusions:Modifiable risk factors identified in this study have preventive implications.

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Suicide and Family Constellation in India

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Incidence, survival pattern and prognosis of self-immolation: a case study in Iran

Incidence, survival pattern and prognosis of self-immolation: a case study in Iran

Psychosocial Stressors and Patterns of Coping in Adolescent Suicide Attempters

Profile of risk factors associated with suicide attempts: A study from Orissa, India

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