Suicidality in patients with obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs): A meta-analysis

Pellegrini, Luca; Maietti, Elisa; Rucci, Paola; Burato, Sofia; Menchetti, Marco; Berardi, Domenico; Maina, Giuseppe; Fineberg, Naomi; Albert, Umberto

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152246

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…All domains of the measure correlated negatively with satisfaction with life and well-being and positively with anxiety/depression, with the BDD and harm/checking dimensions showing the strongest associations with external validators. These findings are in line with results of a recent meta-analysis that found higher rates of suicidality in BDD compared to the other related disorders ( 49 ), supporting the presence of poorer mental health in people who present with BDD symptoms. In contrast, the dimension with the lowest associations with satisfaction with life, depression/anxiety, and well-being was the contamination/cleaning dimension.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Measuring symptoms of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders using a single dimensional self-report scale

Moreno-Amador

Piqueras²,

Rodríguez-Jiménez³

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundObsessions and compulsions are heterogenous but can be classified into obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), hoarding disorder (HD), hair-pulling disorder (HPD), and skin-picking disorder (SPD). OCD is in itself heterogenous, with symptoms clustering around four major symptom dimensions: contamination/cleaning, symmetry/ordering, taboo obsessions, and harm/checking. No single self-report scale captures the full heterogeneity of OCD and related disorders, limiting assessment in clinical practice and research on nosological relations among the disorders.MethodsTo provide a single self-report scale of OCD and related disorders that respects the heterogeneity of OCD, we expanded the DSM-5-based Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders-Dimensional Scales (OCRD-D) so that is also includes the four major symptom dimensions of OCD. A psychometric evaluation and an exploration of the overarching relations among the dimensions were conducted using an online survey which was completed by 1,454 Spanish adolescents and adults (age span = 15–74 years). Approximately 8 months after the initial survey, 416 participants completed the scale again.ResultsThe expanded scale showed excellent internal psychometric properties, adequate test-retest correlations, known groups validity, and correlations in the expected directions with well-being, depression/anxiety symptoms, and satisfaction with life. The higher-order structure of the measure indicated that harm/checking and taboo obsessions formed a common disturbing thoughts factor and that HPD and SPD formed a common body-focused repetitive behaviors factor.ConclusionThe expanded OCRD-D (OCRD-D-E) shows promise as a unified way to assess symptoms across the major symptom dimensions of OCD and related disorders. The measure may be useful in clinical practice (e.g., screening) and research, but more research on construct validity, incremental validity, and clinical utility is needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Measuring symptoms of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders using a single dimensional self-report scale

Moreno-Amador

Piqueras²,

Rodríguez-Jiménez³

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Clear associations emerged between body-dysmorphic, hoarding, hair-pulling, and skin-picking symptoms and obsessive-compulsive, internalizing, and externalizing symptoms, poor quality of life, suicide attempts, and nonsuicidal self-harm. This in line with previous studies showing that BDD, HD, HPD, and SPD coexist with a wide range of emotional and affective problems (e.g., Akıncı et al, 2021;Ivanov et al, 2013;Rautio et al, 2022;Selles et al, 2015), including suicide attempts (Pellegrini et al, 2021) and poor quality of life (e.g., Odlaug et al, 2010;Ricketts et al, 2018). Our findings also support that comorbidity may and gender adjusted OR = 8.16, p < .001; non-suicidal selfharm: 19.1% vs. 5.6%; X 2 = 29.06, p < .001; age and gender adjusted OR = 3.40, p < .001).…”

Section: Associations With Suicide Attempts and Non-suicidal Self-harmsupporting

confidence: 92%

Body-dysmorphic, hoarding, hair-pulling, and skin-picking symptoms in a large sample of adolescents

et al. 2022

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Few studies have investigated body-dysmorphic, hoarding, hair-pulling, and skin-picking symptoms in adolescents and how they relate to mental health, quality of life, suicide attempts, and non-suicidal self-harm. We used a quota sampling procedure and contacted 100 secondary centres in the Southeast of Spain, of which 34 participated in the study. A sample of 5,345 adolescents (12–18 years) completed dimensional measures of body-dysmorphic, hoarding, hair-pulling, and skin-picking symptoms. The proportion of adolescents with clinically significant symptoms within each symptom type was estimated and associations with other indicators of mental health examined. Clinically significant body-dysmorphic symptoms were reported by 3.7%, hoarding by 0.9%, hair-pulling by 0.7%, and skin-picking by 1.8%. Body-dysmorphic symptoms were more common in girls and in those over 14 years of age. Body-dysmorphic, hoarding, hair-pulling, and skin-picking symptoms were moderately to strongly associated with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and poor quality of life. Those with significant body-dysmorphic, hoarding, hair-pulling, and skin-picking symptoms were much more likely to have attempted suicide and engaged in non-suicidal self-harm during the last twelve months than those without such symptoms. Body-dysmorphic symptoms showed the strongest associations with internalizing symptoms and poor quality of life. Limitations are the sole use of self-report and a sample from only two regions in Spain, but findings suggest that body-dysmorphic, hoarding, hair-pulling, and skin-picking symptoms are common and impairing during adolescence.

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“…A recent meta-analysis of adults with BDD demonstrated a lifetime suicide attempt rate of 35.2%, which dropped to 18.9% when controlled for substance abuse ( 31 ). The study was limited by heterogeneity of the included studies and did not include completed suicide rates in quantitative analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide and Suicidality in Children and Adolescents with Chronic Skin Disorders: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

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Suicide in young children is rare; the incidence increases towards the end of adolescence. Skin disorders confer a high prevalence of psychiatric and psychological comorbidities. However, published research on suicidal behaviour in adolescents and children with skin disorders is sparse. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of suicidal behaviour in children and adolescents under 18 years of age with chronic skin disorders and associated contributing risk factors. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to October 2020 for suicide or suicide attempts in patients under 18 years old with chronic skin disorders. The study protocol was logged on PROSPERO (CRD42020083528). Returned texts were reviewed independently by 2 authors. Bias was assessed according to Joanna Briggs Institute criteria. Five studies met the inclusion criteria; 4 cross-sectional surveys and 1 retrospective matched-cohort study. A total of 31,641 patients with acne, atopic dermatitis, body dysmorphic disorder orpsoriasis were identified. Prevalence of suicidal ideation was 0.45% (psoriasis) to 67% (body dysmorphic disorder). The prevalence of suicidal attempts ranged from 0.08% (psoriasis) to 21.9% (acne). Patients with acne or atopic dermatitis had significantly increased odds ratio for suicidal attempts. Meta-analysis could not be performed owing to the heterogeneity and sparsity of data. Suicidal risk in skin disorders amongst adolescents and children under the age of 18 years old is broad and complex. The suicidal risk remained after adjusting for depression, suggestive of an alternative mechanism.

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Suicidality in patients with obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs): A meta-analysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 95 publications

Measuring symptoms of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders using a single dimensional self-report scale

Measuring symptoms of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders using a single dimensional self-report scale

Body-dysmorphic, hoarding, hair-pulling, and skin-picking symptoms in a large sample of adolescents

Suicide and Suicidality in Children and Adolescents with Chronic Skin Disorders: A Systematic Review

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