Suicidal behavior—symptom or disorder?

Ahrens, B.; Zäske, Harald; Berzewski, Horst

doi:10.1016/s0010-440x(00)80017-6

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Recent research indicates that suicidal thoughts and behaviour are not merely parts or symptoms of a depressive disorder but represent a nosological entity in their own right [9][10][11][12]14,15,17]. This suggests that it cannot be assumed that psychotherapy for depressive disorders will be equally effective in reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviour [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leboyer and colleagues [9] noted that suicidal thoughts and behaviour might constitute a potentially isolated psychological phenomenon, partially independent from other expressions of psychopathology [10,11]. Diefenbach and colleagues [12] interpreted their results in a similar way and stated that suicidal ideation may be associated with nonspecific subclinical psychopathological features such as emotional instability, together with anxiety, social inhibition, and possibly hostility and negative affectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on self-reported suicidal ideation: results from a randomised controlled trial in patients with residual depressive symptoms

Forkmann

Wichers

Geschwind

et al. 2014

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on self-reported suicidal ideation: results from a randomised controlled trial in patients with residual depressive symptoms

Forkmann

Wichers

Geschwind

et al. 2014

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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“…Suicidality is the likelihood of an individual completing suicide and include suicidal ideation, self-injurious behavior, suicide attempts, and suicide despite their very different consequences for the patient. In the present study, the term “suicidality” includes the full spectrum of suicidal thoughts (thoughts about wanting to be dead) and suicidal acts (previous self-destructive behaviors [23] with at least some intent to end one’s life), in keeping with a previous study [23]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and sociodemographic correlates of suicidality in patients with major depressive disorder from six Asian countries

et al. 2014

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BackgroundEast Asian countries have high suicide rates. However, little is known about clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with suicidality in Asian populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with suicidality in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) from six Asian countries.MethodsThe study cohort consisted of 547 outpatients with MDD. Patients presented to study sites in China (n = 114), South Korea (n = 101), Malaysia (n = 90), Singapore (n = 40), Thailand (n = 103), and Taiwan (n = 99). All patients completed the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the Global Severity Index(SCL-90R), the Fatigue Severity Scale, the 36-item short-form health survey, the Sheehan Disability Scale, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Patients were classified as showing high suicidality if they scored ≥6 on the MINI suicidality module. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine sociodemographic and clinical factors related to high suicidality.ResultsOne hundred and twenty-five patients were classed as high suicidality. Unemployed status (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.43, p < 0.01), MADRS score (adjusted OR 1.08), p < 0.001, and GSI (SCL-90R) score (adjusted OR 1.06, p < 0.01) were positively related to high suicidality. Hindu (adjusted OR 0.09, p < 0.05) or Muslim (adjusted OR 0.21, p < 0.001) religion and MSPSS score (adjusted OR 0.82, p < 0.05) were protective against high suicidality.ConclusionsA variety of sociodemographic and clinical factors were associated with high suicidality in Asian patients with MDD. These factors may facilitate the identification of MDD patients at risk of suicide.

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“…However, the factors that motivate suicide may differ between disorders. Furthermore, although 90% of suicide ideations and attempts have been linked to depression and other diagnosed psychiatric disorders (Haas et al, 2003), a strong argument can be articulated for regarding subthreshold psychiatric disorder as virtually equivalent in importance (Ahrens et al, 2000;Brausch and Gutierrez, 2009;Cukrowicz et al, 2011;Jakupcak et al, 2011). Certain psychiatric diagnoses are strongly related to these indicators of emotional volatility, such as bipolar disorder, eating disorders including bulimia and binge-eating disorder, and alcohol-and other substance-related conditions, especially dependence (Dvorak et al, 2013;Favaro and Santonastaso, 1997;McElroy et al, 2005;Miotto and Preti, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal Ideation and Sex Differences in Relation to 18 Major Psychiatric Disorders in College and University Students

Tupler¹,

Hong²,

Gibori³

et al. 2015

Journal of Nervous &Amp; Mental Disease

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College/university students are at high risk for psychiatric disorder and suicide secondary to age, campus stressors, and social pressures. We therefore report frequencies of 18 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision disorders and suicidal ideation (SI) acquired anonymously from a Web site receiving 113,181 visits from more than 1,500 predominantly US colleges/universities. Depression was foremost, followed by social phobia and eating disorders. Substance-related disorders were less frequent than expected. SI occurred in 47.1% of students, with women evidencing somewhat stronger findings than men. SI was more associated with substance, bipolar, and panic disorders than depression. Self-reported emotional volatility exceeded thoughts of self-harm for all disorders. The results support two subtypes of suicide risk: dysphoric premeditators and those primarily angry and/or impulsive. Clinicians and researchers should therefore consider suicide as an independent psychopathological phenomenon that includes emotional volatility as a risk factor and thoroughly evaluate psychiatric disorders potentially conferring greater suicidal propensity than depression.

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Suicidal behavior—symptom or disorder?

Cited by 37 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on self-reported suicidal ideation: results from a randomised controlled trial in patients with residual depressive symptoms

Effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on self-reported suicidal ideation: results from a randomised controlled trial in patients with residual depressive symptoms

Clinical and sociodemographic correlates of suicidality in patients with major depressive disorder from six Asian countries

Suicidal Ideation and Sex Differences in Relation to 18 Major Psychiatric Disorders in College and University Students

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