Suggestion of self-(in)coherence modulates cognitive dissonance

Hagège, Joshua; Chammat, Mariam; Tandetnik, Caroline; Naccache, Lionel

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0202204

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They do not only devalue these options, but in some cases they might even assume they were better options than their chosen ones. Finally, our findings are also consistent with recent studies showing that choice-induced preference change effects were correlated with a better memory of the initial choice 35 , 48 – 51 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Memory and decision making interact to shape the value of unchosen options

Biderman

Shohamy

2021

Nat Commun

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The goal of deliberation is to separate between options so that we can commit to one and leave the other behind. However, deliberation can, paradoxically, also form an association in memory between the chosen and unchosen options. Here, we consider this possibility and examine its consequences for how outcomes affect not only the value of the options we chose, but also, by association, the value of options we did not choose. In five experiments (total n = 612), including a preregistered experiment (n = 235), we found that the value assigned to unchosen options is inversely related to their chosen counterparts. Moreover, this inverse relationship was associated with participants’ memory of the pairs they chose between. Our findings suggest that deciding between options does not end the competition between them. Deliberation binds choice options together in memory such that the learned value of one can affect the inferred value of the other.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Memory and decision making interact to shape the value of unchosen options

Biderman

Shohamy

2021

Nat Commun

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“…Further, in earlier work on choice-induced preference, researchers typically assumed that an advanced self-concept was needed in order to view oneself as internally consistent and thus to rationalize one’s decisions (Aronson, 1968; Bem, 1967, 1972; Steele, 1988), although others have argued that dissonance is more automatic (Izuma et al, 2010; Jarcho, Berkman, & Lieberman, 2010; Lieberman, Ochsner, Gilbert, & Schacter, 2001; Shultz & Lepper, 1996). Findings that choice-induced preference change can be modulated by highlighting concepts of behavioral inconsistency further suggest that such preference change involves self-awareness, which may not be present early in life (Hagège, Chammat, Tandetnik, & Naccache, 2018; Rochat, 2003).…”

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confidence: 95%

When Not Choosing Leads to Not Liking: Choice-Induced Preference in Infancy

et al. 2020

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The question of how people’s preferences are shaped by their choices has generated decades of research. In a classic example, work on cognitive dissonance has found that observers who must choose between two equally attractive options subsequently avoid the unchosen option, suggesting that not choosing the item led them to like it less. However, almost all of the research on such choice-induced preference focuses on adults, leaving open the question of how much experience is necessary for its emergence. Here, we examined the developmental roots of this phenomenon in preverbal infants ( N = 189). In a series of seven experiments using a free-choice paradigm, we found that infants experienced choice-induced preference change similar to adults’. Infants’ choice patterns reflected genuine preference change and not attraction to novelty or inherent attitudes toward the options. Hence, choice shapes preferences—even without extensive experience making decisions and without a well-developed self-concept.

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“…A similar position is taken by Hagège and colleagues, who prove that the presence or absence of the ability to reconcile images can be a source of dissonance in the individual (Hagège et al, 2018). And due to the fact that adolescence is the most controversial period of life, when age crises occur and the demands of moving into adulthood meet with the capabilities of the adolescent, it is natural that the risk of personal dissonance increases during this period due to inconsistencies in social roles and self-images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Psychological Peculiarities of Personal Dissonance of Adolescents in the Sphere of Real and Ideal Self-Image

Aleksandrov

Okhrimenko

Rudenko

et al. 2021

BRAIN

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Adolescence is characterized by contradictions of role behaviours and perceptions caused by age adjustment of adolescents. This is reflected in the system of self-attitudes of adolescents, which can lead to intrapersonal conflicts due to the dissonance of conceptions about their own real and ideal self-image. Such dissonances can hinder the construction of one’s own social roles. Therefore, timely detection of risks of personal dissonance emergence in the sphere of subjective perceptions of one’s own real and ideal self-images becomes one of the leading tasks of providing psychological and psychotherapeutic aid to adolescents, aimed at harmonizing their formation in the process of socialization. The aim of the research is to study the factors that determine the psychological peculiarities of personal dissonance of adolescents in the sphere of real and ideal self-image. The research is based on the use of psychodiagnostic methods of Leary (2004) and Pantileev (1993) for the survey of 303 adolescents of both sexes at the age of 14-17, who recognize the presence of discrepancies between real and ideal self-images. Empirical data has shown a relationship between a constellation of psychological factors that determine the emergence of personal dissonances in the sphere of authoritarianism, dominance, suspicion, aggression, subordination, dependency, friendship and altruism. The research will help to understand the psychological factors of the emergence and functioning of personal dissonances of adolescents, which affect both the system of their self-attitude and the building of their social ties. This opens up prospects for improving psychoprophylactic measures aimed at preventing personal dissonances in adolescents.

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Suggestion of self-(in)coherence modulates cognitive dissonance

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Memory and decision making interact to shape the value of unchosen options

Memory and decision making interact to shape the value of unchosen options

When Not Choosing Leads to Not Liking: Choice-Induced Preference in Infancy

Psychological Peculiarities of Personal Dissonance of Adolescents in the Sphere of Real and Ideal Self-Image

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