Suggested criteria for hydrologic design of storm-drainage facilities in the San Francisco Bay Region, California

Rantz, S.E.

doi:10.3133/ofr71341

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…This gives some point of reference from which to compare urbanized streams. Researchers note that the width-to-depth ratio tends to increase with increasing urbanization (Leopold, 1968;Rantz, 1971;Hammer, 1972;Dunne and Leopold, 1978). Since the width exponent (0.52) is greater than the depth exponent (0.32), it is understandable that with increasing discharge, the width will increase faster than the depth (i.e.…”

Section: ·32mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Effects of Land Use Change on the Water Temperature in Unregulated Urban Streams

LeBlanc

Brown

FitzGibbon

1997

Journal of Environmental Management

205

143

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Section: ·32mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Effects of Land Use Change on the Water Temperature in Unregulated Urban Streams

LeBlanc

Brown

FitzGibbon

1997

Journal of Environmental Management

205

143

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“…Basin physiography (slope length, steepness) also control storm hydrographs by determining the effective hillslope length that contributes water during an event (Langbein, 1940;Rantz, 1971;Rodriguez-Iturbe et al, 1982). In steep forested basins, where water infiltrates vertically very rapidly, hydrographs may respond very rapidly to precipitation, because subsurface flowpaths control storm hydrograph response either by lateral flow in preferential flowpaths, or as vertical 'pressure waves' through the soil matrix (Torres et al, 1998;Montgomery and Dietrich, 2002b;Montgomery et al, 2002;Torres, 2002;McDonnell 2003;McGuire and McDonnell, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate variability, snow, and physiographic controls on storm hydrographs in small forested basins, western Cascades, Oregon

Perkins

Jones

2008

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:Large floods are often attributed to the melting of snow during a rain event. This study tested how climate variability, snowpack presence, and basin physiography were related to storm hydrograph shape in three small (<1 km 2 ) basins with old-growth forest in western Oregon. Relationships between hydrograph characteristics and precipitation were tested for approximately 800 storms over a nearly 30-year period. Analyses controlled for (1) snowpack presence/absence, (2) antecedent soil moisture, and (3) hillslope length and gradient. For small storms (<150 mm precipitation), controlling for precipitation, the presence of a snowpack on near-saturated soil increased the threshold of precipitation before hydrograph rise, extended the start lag, centroid lag, and duration of storm hydrographs, and increased the peak discharge. The presence of a snowpack on near-saturated soil sped up and steepened storm hydrographs in a basin with short steep slopes, but delayed storm hydrographs in basins with longer or more gentle slopes. Hydrographs of the largest events, which were extreme regional rain and rain-on-snow floods, were not sensitive to landform characteristics or snowpack presence/absence. Although the presence of a snowpack did not increase peak discharge in small, forested basins during large storms, it had contrasting effects on storm timing in small basins, potentially synchronizing small basin contributions to the larger basin hydrograph during large rain-on-snow events. By altering the relative timing of hydrographs, snowpack melting could produce extreme floods from precipitation events whose size is not extreme. Further work is needed to examine effects of canopy openings, snowpack, and climate warming on extreme rain-on-snow floods at the large basin scale.

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“…Numerous methods exist for calculating unit hydrographs by deconvolution (Snyder, 1938;Langbein, 1940;Rantz, 1971;US Soil Conservation Service, 1972), including the relatively simple -index technique. The -index method produces an estimate of the excess rainfall hyetograph by assuming a constant rate of rainfall 'abstraction' (that fraction of the rainfall that does not contribute to stormflow) represented by .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of stormflow responses of surface‐mined and forested watersheds in the Appalachian Mountains, USA

Negley

Eshleman

2006

Hydrological Processes

106

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Abstract:The results of a hydrological analysis that was conducted as part of a larger, multifaceted, collaborative effort to quantify ecosystem functions in watersheds subjected to land-use and land-cover change are presented. The primary goal of the study was to determine whether a small watershed in the Appalachian region (USA) that was recently subjected to surface mining and reclamation practices produces stormflow responses to rain events that are different from those produced by a nearby reference watershed covered by young, second-growth forest. Water balances indicated that runoff yields did not vary significantly between the two watersheds on an annual basis. Statistically significant differences (p Ä 0Ð05) in runoff responses were observed on an event basis, however, with the mined/reclaimed watershed producing, on average (a) higher storm runoff coefficients (2Ð5ð), (b) greater total storm runoff (3ð), and (c) higher peak hourly runoff rates (2ð) when compared with the reference watershed. Results of a unit hydrograph analysis also showed, unexpectedly, that the modelled unit responses of the two watersheds to effective rainfall pulses were similar, despite the noted differences in land cover. Differences in stormflow responses were thus largely explained by dramatic reductions in cumulative rates of rainfall abstraction (measured using infiltrometers) attributable to soil compaction during land reclamation. Additional field hydrological measurements on other mined watersheds will be needed to generalize our results, as well as to understand and predict the cumulative hydrological impacts of widespread surface mining in larger watersheds and river basins.

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Suggested criteria for hydrologic design of storm-drainage facilities in the San Francisco Bay Region, California

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Modeling the Effects of Land Use Change on the Water Temperature in Unregulated Urban Streams

Modeling the Effects of Land Use Change on the Water Temperature in Unregulated Urban Streams

Climate variability, snow, and physiographic controls on storm hydrographs in small forested basins, western Cascades, Oregon

Comparison of stormflow responses of surface‐mined and forested watersheds in the Appalachian Mountains, USA

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