Sugarcane mosaic virus orchestrates the lactate fermentation pathway to support its successful infection

Abstract

Viruses often establish their own infection by altering host metabolism. How viruses co-opt plant metabolism to support their successful infection remains an open question. Here, we used untargeted metabolomics to reveal that lactate accumulates immediately before and after robust sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) infection. Induction of lactate-involved anaerobic glycolysis is beneficial to SCMV infection. The enzyme activity and transcriptional levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were up-regulated by SCMV infection, and LDH is essential for robust SCMV infection. Moreover, LDH relocates in viral replicase complexes (VRCs) by interacting with SCMV-encoded 6K2 protein, a key protein responsible for inducing VRCs. Additionally, lactate could promote SCMV infection by suppressing plant defense responses. Taken together, we have revealed a viral strategy to manipulate host metabolism to support replication compartment but also depress the defense response during the process of infection.

ZmmiR398b negatively regulates maize resistance to sugarcane mosaic virus infection by targeting ZmCSD2/4/9

“…Moreover, H 2 O 2 accumulation may lead to BaMV‐induced chlorotic symptoms (Lin et al., 2022 ). In addition, the manifestation of mosaic symptoms in SCMV‐infected maize leaves is accompanied by elevated levels of H 2 O 2 (Jiang et al., 2022 ). A recent report showed that ZmCATs could enhance SCMV replication by mitigating cellular oxidative damage caused by excessive H 2 O 2 (Tian et al., 2024 ).…”

“…It has been reported that HC-Pro could interfere with miRNA to function and increase miRNA accumulation (Kasschau et al, 2003), and the induction of both miRNAs and their targets by several potyviruses, such as SCMV or turnip mosaic virus, has been found (Cui et al, 2020;Xia et al, 2018) Moreover, H 2 O 2 accumulation may lead to BaMV-induced chlorotic symptoms (Lin et al, 2022). In addition, the manifestation of mosaic symptoms in SCMV-infected maize leaves is accompanied by elevated levels of H 2 O 2 (Jiang et al, 2022). A recent report showed that ZmCATs could enhance SCMV replication by mitigating cellular oxidative damage caused by excessive H 2 O 2 (Tian et al, 2024).…”

ATG8f Interacts with Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus 6K2 Protein to Limit Virus Infection

“…In addition, 6K2-induced vesicles could also move from cell to cell during TuMV infection [49]. The 6K2 of the sugarcane mosaic virus could interact with lactate dehydrogenase to support virus infection [50]. addition to its functions related to viral pathogenicity, TuMV 6K2 could serve as an elicitor for the unfolded protein response (UPR) and upregulate the selective autophagy receptor gene NBR1 in a UPR-dependent manner [27].…”

Maize catalases are recruited by a virus to modulate viral multiplication and infection

“…Our previous research has demonstrated that the manifestation of mosaic symptoms in SCMV‐infected maize leaves is accompanied by elevated levels of H 2 O 2 (Jiang, Du, Wang, et al., 2023 ). Therefore, we hypothesized that catalases could respond to SCMV infection as a protective mechanism against oxidative stress‐induced cell damage.…”