Sugarcane bagasse pulping and bleaching: Thermal and chemical characterization

Abstract

Cellulose fibers were isolated from sugarcane bagasse in three stages. Initially sugarcane bagasse was subjected to a pre-treatment process with hydrolyzed acid to eliminate hemicellulose. Whole cellulosic fibers thus obtained were then subjected to a two-stage delignification process and finally to a bleaching process. The chemical structure of the resulting cellulose fibers was studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the effects of hydrolysis, delignification, and bleaching on the structure of the fibers. Two different thermal analysis techniques were used to study the bleaching cellulose fibers. These techniques confirmed that cellulose fibers were isolated from sugarcane bagasse. A future goal is to use these fibers as reinforcement elements in composites, organic-inorganic hybrid, and membranes for nanofiltration.

Isolation, Modification, and Characterization of Local Indonesia's Sugarcane Bagasse Cellulose for Dye‐Adsorbent Application

“…[49] Based on Figure 3 shows that the diffraction pattern of cellulose from sugarcane bagasse is similar to the diffraction pattern of commercial MCC, which refers to the structure of the allomorph of cellulose I. [50,51,14,52] The 2θ-angle with ranges between 22°and 23°corresponds to the crystallographic plane of cellulose (002), [10] in the 2θ-angle region with ranges between 15°and 16°corresponds to the amorphous region (100). [53,54] The diffractogram of CMC of sugarcane bagasse shows one main peak at 20.25°The diffractogram tends to be amorphous due to the destruction of the cellulose crystalline structure as the alkalization process effect, which facilitates the carboxymethylation process (9).…”

“…[5] Bagasse contains lignocellulosic, a composite of 50 % cellulose, 25 % hemicellulose, and 25 % lignin. [10] Cellulose is generally obtained through an extraction process from biomass as the source. The cellulose extraction process consists of two stages: the delignification and bleaching processes.…”

Structural Color from Cellulose Nanocrystals or Chitin Nanocrystals: Self-Assembly, Optics, and Applications

“…This process has a less pronounced impact on fiber properties but results in higher cellulose content compared to the kraft process. ,, If residual lignin is present after the cellulose extraction process, it can be removed through a bleaching step, which enhances the accessibility of cellulose to hydrolysis − and leads to the separation of fiber bundles. However, bleaching can also result in a reduction of the fiber diameter. − …”

“…170 °C), resulting in the depolymerization of lignin into smaller fragments that are soluble in alkaline conditions. − Alternatively, the wood chips can be treated with sulfur dioxide and a cationic base, known as sulfite pulping. This process has a less pronounced impact on fiber properties but results in higher cellulose content compared to the kraft process. ,, If residual lignin is present after the cellulose extraction process, it can be removed through a bleaching step, which enhances the accessibility of cellulose to hydrolysis − and leads to the separation of fiber bundles. However, bleaching can also result in a reduction of the fiber diameter. − …”

Binder‐free, non‐carcinogenic surfactant‐based cellulose‐rich bagasse foams as acoustic panels

“…It is commonly found in equatorial countries such as India, Pakistan, Malaysia, and Indonesia, and in tropical countries such as Brazil. Bagasse consists of cellulose 45.4%, hemicellulose 28.7%, lignin 23.4%, and ash 2.7% 21 . Cellulose‐based materials are often lightweight and so is bagasse with an approximate density of 0.130 g/cm.…”