Sugar Sensing and Signaling in Plants

Rolland, Filip; Moore, Beverley A.; Sheen, Jen

doi:10.1105/tpc.010455

Cited by 980 publications

(800 citation statements)

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“…According to Rolland et al (2002), a low level of sugars enhances photosynthesis, reserve mobilization, and export, whereas their abundant presence promotes growth and storage. These authors also highlight the fact that sugar-limited conditions down-regulated biosynthetic activities to conserve energy and protect cells against nutrient stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Control of Storage Xyloglucan Mobilization in Cotyledons of Hymenaea courbaril

et al. 2004

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Hymenaea courbaril is a leguminous tree species from the neotropical rain forests. Its cotyledons are largely enriched with a storage cell wall polysaccharide (xyloglucan). Studies of cell wall storage polymers have been focused mostly on the mechanisms of their disassembly, whereas the control of their mobilization and the relationship between their metabolism and seedling development is not well understood. Here, we show that xyloglucan mobilization is strictly controlled by the development of first leaves of the seedling, with the start of its degradation occurring after the beginning of eophyll (first leaves) expansion. During the period of storage mobilization, an increase in the levels of xyloglucan hydrolases, starch, and free sugars were observed in the cotyledons. Xyloglucan mobilization was inhibited by shoot excision, darkness, and by treatment with the auxin-transport inhibitor N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid. Analyses of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid in the cotyledons revealed that its increase in concentration is followed by the rise in xyloglucan hydrolase activities, indicating that auxin is directly related to xyloglucan mobilization. Cotyledons detached during xyloglucan mobilization and treated with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid showed a similar mobilization rate as in attached cotyledons. This hormonal control is probably essential for the ecophysiological performance of this species in their natural environment since it is the main factor responsible for promoting synchronism between shoot growth and reserve degradation. This is likely to increase the efficiency of carbon reserves utilization by the growing seedling in the understorey light conditions of the rain forest.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Control of Storage Xyloglucan Mobilization in Cotyledons of Hymenaea courbaril

et al. 2004

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“…expression of nuclear photosynthetic genes and on plant metabolism is well known (reviewed in: Rolland et al, 2002). In general, a low sugar status enhances photosynthesis and induces reserve mobilization and export, whereas an abundant supply of sugars promotes growth and carbohydrate storage.…”

Section: Signalling Involving Sugars or Reactive Oxygen Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics-based dissection of the cross-talk of chloroplasts with the nucleus and mitochondria in Arabidopsis

Leister¹

2005

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Post-endosymbiotic evolution of chloroplasts was characterized by a massive transfer of cyanobacterial genes to the nucleus, followed by re-routing of many of their encoded proteins. In consequence, most plastid proteins are nucleus-encoded, enabling an anterograde (nucleusto-plastid) control of the organelle. The regulation of chloroplast functions includes also cross-talk between chloroplasts and mitochondria, as well as retrograde (plastid-to-nucleus) signalling. Genetic analyses reveal that redox state, flux through the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway, sugar sensing and reactive oxygen species contribute to retrograde signalling. However, the identity of the messenger molecule(s) remains largely unknown. Novel facets of the chloroplast -mitochondrion cross-talk have been revealed by the characterization of mitochondrial mutants affected in chloroplast properties. Studies of the nuclear chloroplast transcriptome imply the existence of at least three distinct types of transcriptional regulation: a master switch, acting in a binary mode by either inducing or repressing the same large set of genes; a ''mixed response'' with about equal numbers of up-and down-regulated genes; and mechanisms supporting the specific co-regulation of nuclear genes for photosynthesis and for plastid gene expression. The recent discovery of the latter mode of control highlights a possibly ancient route to co-ordinate chloroplast and nuclear genome expression. D

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“…Bitkilerde, şeker durumu büyüme ve gelişmeyi idare ederek içsel düzenleyicileri ve çevresel işaretleri ayarlar ve koordine eder [29]. Genellikle bilim adamları şeker konsantrasyonunun yaprak senesensini düzenlediği konusunda hemfikirdirler, ancak yaprak senesensinde yüksek konsantrasyona karşın düşük şeker konsantrasyonlarının etkisi tartışmalıdır.…”

Section: şEkerlerunclassified

Yaprak Senesensi: Fizyolojik ve Moleküler Düzenlenmesine Bakış

Sağlam

2015

Mar. J. Pure Appl. Sci.

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ÖZETBitkilerde görülen, tüm bitki, organ, doku ya da hücre ölümü ile sonuçlanan önemli bir gelişme süreci olan senesens ile ilgili çalışmalar 1800'lü yılların sonlarına dayanmaktadır. İlk yıllarda gözlemlerden oluşan bu çalışmalar, günümüzde teknolojinin ve genetik biliminin gelişmesiyle yerini kapsamlı biyoteknolojik araştırmalara bırakmıştır. Dünyanın çeşitli yerlerindeki araştırma merkezlerinde bilim adamları senesensin genetik mekanizmasının aydınlatılması ile ilgili deneyler yapmaktadırlar. Üzerinde en çok araştırma yapılan senesens çeşidi, yapraklarda görülen ve klorofil kaybı ile karakterize edilen yaprak senesensidir. Senesens mekanizmasının aydınlatılması ekonomik düzeyde ürün kalitesinin artırılmasında, maydanoz, brokoli, ıspanak gibi sebze, domates, elma gibi meyve ve karanfil, Alstroemeria, petunya gibi süs bitkilerinin raf ömrünün uzatılmasında büyük yararlar sağlayacaktır. Bu derlemede yaprak senesensinin fizyolojik ve moleküler düzenlenme mekanizmaları anlatılmıştır.Anahtar kelimeler: Yaprak senesensi, klorofil kaybı, genetik mekanizma, fizyolojik düzenlenme I. GİRİŞSenesens yaşa bağlı olarak hücre, doku, organ ve organizma düzeyinde ölümle ya da yaşam döngüsünün sona ermesiyle sonuçlanan bitki gelişimindeki son evredir [1,2,3,4]. Azot, kükürt, fosfor ve potasyum gibi önemli besinlerin taşınması ve geri dönüşümü açısından bir bitkinin gelişiminde senesens hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu besinler senesens olan yapraklardan aktif olarak büyüyen dokulara taşınır, böylece bitkinin büyümesi ve çoğalması desteklenmiş olur [3,4]. Bazı araştırıcılar senesensin, elverişsiz çevre koşulları (kuraklık, sıcaklık, azot eksikliği, yetersiz ışık, hastalık ve patojen saldırılar) sonucunda meydana gelmesinin [5] yanında, en uygun büyüme koşullarında yetişen sağlıklı bitkilerde de genetik olarak meydana geldiğini bildirmişlerdir [6,7]. Bir hücrenin yaşamsal geçmişi mitotik ve post-mitotik süreçlerden meydana gelir. Buna bağlı olarak bitkilerin mitotik ve post-mitotik senesens gösterdiği tanımlanmıştır (Şekil 1). Mitotik senesens (proliferatif senesens) olarak da bilinmektedir ve germline benzeri meristem hücrelerinin mitotik hücre bölünmesine maruz kalma yeteneklerini kaybettikleri zaman meydana gelir. Kültürdeki insan hücreleri ve mayada görülen replikatif senesensin aksine bitkilerdeki mitotik senesens telomer kısalması tarafından kontrol edilmemektedir. Post-mitotik senesens aktif bir bozulma sürecidir, yapraklar ve çiçek petalleri gibi organlarda meydana gelmektedir [8]. Leaf Senescence: A View of Its Physiological and Molecular RegulationAbSTRACT Studies related to senescence, which is an important developmental process in plants and leads to death of a cell, tissue or whole plant, is based on the end of the 1800s. The preliminary studies were at observational level but they were replaced by comprehensive biotechnological research in conjunction with the development of technology and genetic science. The scientists in various part of the world have carried out experiments related to elucidation of the genetic mech...

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Sugar Sensing and Signaling in Plants

Abstract: Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/

Cited by 980 publications

References 256 publications

The Control of Storage Xyloglucan Mobilization in Cotyledons of Hymenaea courbaril

The Control of Storage Xyloglucan Mobilization in Cotyledons of Hymenaea courbaril

Genomics-based dissection of the cross-talk of chloroplasts with the nucleus and mitochondria in Arabidopsis

Yaprak Senesensi: Fizyolojik ve Moleküler Düzenlenmesine Bakış

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