Sugar-Induced Blood Pressure Elevations Over the Lifespan of Three Substrains of Wistar Rats

Preuss, Harry G.; Zein, Mohmed; MacArthy, Philip; DiPette, Donald J.; Sabnis, Sharda G.; Knapka, Joseph J.

doi:10.1080/07315724.1998.10720453

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This reduction could be the result of the lower HDL cholesterol levels, as has been previously reported by KAMGANG et al (21). These rats showed also hyperinsulinemia, as described by other authors (31). The absence of changes in insulin resistance parameters in HF group could be due to the short experimental period, as other authors had reported changes in glucose, insulin and HOMA index in Wistar rats fed with a HF diet (15,29).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Influence of dietary macronutrient composition on adiposity and cellularity of different fat depots in Wistar rats

et al. 2009

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The aim of this study was to investigate the role of dietary macronutrient content on adiposity parameters and adipocyte hypertrophy/hyperplasia in subcutaneous and visceral fat depots from Wistar rats using combined histological and computational approaches. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were distributed into 4 groups and were assigned to different nutritional interventions: Control group (chow diet); high-fat group, HF (60% E from fat); high-fat-sucrose group, HFS (45% E from fat and 17% from sucrose); and high-sucrose group, HS (42% E from sucrose). At day 35, rats were sacrificed, blood was collected, tissues were weighed and fragments of different fat depots were kept for histological analyses with the new softwareAdiposoft. Rats fed with HF, HFS and HS diets increased significantly body weight and total body fat against Control rats, being metabolic impairments more pronounced on HS rats than in the other groups. Cellularity analyses usingAdiposoft revealed that retroperitoneal adipose tissue is histologically different than mesenteric and subcutaneous ones, in relation to bigger adipocytes. The subcutaneous fat pad was the most sensitive to the diet, presenting adipocyte hypertrophy induced by HF diet and adipocyte hyperplasia induced by HS diet. The mesenteric fat pad had a similar but attenuated response in comparison to the subcutaneous adipose tissue, while retroperitoneal fat pad only presented adipocyte hyperplasia induced by the HS diet intake after 35 days of intervention. These findings provide new insights into the role of macronutrients in the development of hyperplastic obesity, which is characterized by the severity of the clinical features. Finally, a new tool for analyzing histological adipose samples is presented.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Influence of dietary macronutrient composition on adiposity and cellularity of different fat depots in Wistar rats

et al. 2009

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“…35 In humans, there is one report that high dietary sugar intake enhances the risk of CHD in diabetic individuals who use diuretics. 36 Sugar intake can increase carbohydrate fuel reserves and physical performance.…”

Section: Sugar and Other Health Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar and Cardiovascular Disease

Howard¹,

Wylie‐Rosett²

2002

Circulation

170

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“…Moreover, data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study show a consistent inverse association between increased dietary sucrose intake and HDL cholesterol concentrations [70]. Additionally, a relationship between sugar consumption and hypertension in animals has been found [71]. A high dietary sugar intake has been reported to enhance the risk of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients using diuretics [72].…”

Section: Diet and Healthmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Mediterranean food pattern: a good recipe for patients with the metabolic syndrome

Amezaga

Zulet

Marti

et al. 2008

Mediterr J Nutr Metab

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The metabolic syndrome is a complex condition characterized by dyslipidaemia, high blood pressure, impaired glucose tolerance and abdominal fat accumulation. Subjects with the metabolic syndrome are at high risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. A comprehensive approach is required for patients suffering this cluster of clinical manifestations. Indeed, subjects with the metabolic syndrome could benefit from life-style modifications, particularly through exercise and diet. In this article, the evidence regarding the role of diet, in particular the role of food patterns based on the Mediterranean-style diet, in preventing and treating the metabolic syndrome are reviewed. Keywords Mediterranean diet · Metabolic syndrome · Diet IntroductionThere are many definitions of the metabolic syndrome, being still a matter of debate ( Table 1). The metabolic syndrome has its origins in 1923 when Kylin described a syndrome involving hypertension, hyperglycaemia and hyperuricaemia [1]. Later, Vague in 1947 linked abdominal obesity to metabolic abnormalities (i.e. diabetes, atherosclerosis, gout and calculi) [2]. In 1967, Avogaro et al. described six obese patients with diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, and marked hypertriglyceridaemia, all of whom improved on a hypocaloric and low-carbohydrate diet [3]. In the 1970s, Phillips suggested associations of aging, obesity and sex hormone-associated clinical manifestations with heart disease [4,5]. In the late 1980s, Reaven proposed insulin resistance as the critical factor and coined the name syndrome-X [6].However, the most extensive definitions were established by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATPIII). In these definitions an enhanced cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio is considered a factor in the metabolic syndrome as well as elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, abdominal obesity and elevated levels of several inflammatory markers [7,8]. In 2005 the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) emphasized abdominal obesity as the initiating factor in metabolic syndrome [9]. Although the definition of the metabolic syndrome makes little difference to prognosis [10,11], the IDF definition appears to be the most useful in clinical practice and considers different ethnic-related definitions of obesity.Each of the abnormalities promotes atherosclerosis independently, but the clustering of risk factors signifi- cantly reduces the quality of life [12] and increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Indeed, the metabolic syndrome has been associated with an approximate twofold increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a European population [13]. The risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is significantly higher among people with metabolic syndrome [14] even in the absence of baseline health conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes [15].The INTER...

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Sugar-Induced Blood Pressure Elevations Over the Lifespan of Three Substrains of Wistar Rats

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

Influence of dietary macronutrient composition on adiposity and cellularity of different fat depots in Wistar rats

Influence of dietary macronutrient composition on adiposity and cellularity of different fat depots in Wistar rats

Sugar and Cardiovascular Disease

The Mediterranean food pattern: a good recipe for patients with the metabolic syndrome

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