Sugar-Dependent Gibberellin-Induced Chalcone Synthase Gene Expression in Petunia Corollas

Abstract

Flowers of most plants are heterotrophic and require imported carbohydrates for their development. In most cases, Suc is transported to the flower from leaves or storage organs. The flower bud is a major sink for assimilates under favorable growth conditions, whereas a shortage of carbohydrates often leads to the arrest of flower development (Halevy, 1987). The role of sugars in flower development is multifunctional: they can act as energy sources, as osmotic regulators, and as precursors for metabolic processes (Kuiper et al., 1991).Sugars play a central role in the regulation of petunia (Petunia hybrida) flower development, which requires both SUC and GA. Normal development and pigmentation of detached, intact petunia flowers can proceed only when SUC is supplied (Weiss et al., 1995). However, when the anthers are removed from the flowers, growth and anthocyanin accumulation are inhibited. These processes are restored upon application of GA, (Weiss and Halevy,

Reduction of Light-Induced Anthocyanin Accumulation in Inoculated Sorghum Mesocotyls1

“…Accumulation of anthocyanins is induced by various environmental stimuli, including UV and red irradiation (Shichijo et al, 1993;Reddy et al, 1994), low temperature (Christie et al, 1994), pathogen attack (Harrison and Strictland, 1980;Heim et al, 1983;Hipskind et al, 1996a), and several plant-growth regulators, such as cytokinins (Deikman and Hammer, 1995), GA (Mealem-Beno et al, 1997), and ethylene (Woltering and Somhorst, 1990). Stimulation of anthocyanin accumulation has often been correlated with the activation of genes involved in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway.…”

“…In many plant species, key branch enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway, such as PAL and CHS, are encoded by multiple genes (Dixon and Paiva, 1995). PAL and CHS genes are always among the anthocyanin biosynthesis genes that are transcriptionally activated by external stimuli (Reddy et al, 1994;Deikman and Hammer, 1995;Boss et al, 1996;Mealem-Beno et al, 1997). The concomitant but opposite effects of fungal inoculation on the PAL and CHS genes and the other anthocyanin biosynthesis genes (F3H, DFR, and ANS) suggest the presence of PAL and CHS multigene families in sorghum, the members of which may be regulated by different environmental stimuli and have specific roles in plant defense.…”

Jasmonate Biosynthesis, Perception and Function in Plant Development and Stress Responses

“…Wounding or MeJA treatment activates rapidly the expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes and increase anthocyanin level in the detached corolla of Petunia hybrida (Moalem-Beno et al, 1997). In Arabidopsis, JA or MeJA treatment strongly enhances anthocyanin accumulation in the shoots, especially in the petiole of the seedling (Lorenzo et al, 2004) and this JAs-activating anthocyanin accumulation depends on COI1-mediated JA signaling pathway (Shan et al, 2009).…”

Molecular cloning and tissue expression analyses of a UF3GT gene from Capsicum annuum L.

“…UF3GT gene have been cloned and characterized from horticulture crops, such as Petunia (Weiss et al, 1995;Moalem-Beno et al, 1997), Periwinkle (Ohlsson and Berglund, 2001), Rose (Zieslin et al, 1974), and a few other species. In this study, a 1430-bp full-length cDNA gene UF3GT was isolated from C. annuum L..…”