Sufficiency and toxicity limits of metallic oxide nanoparticles in the biosphere

Sohail, Muhammad; Ayub, Muhammad Ashar; Rehman, Muhammad Zia ur; Azhar, Muhammad Tehseen; Farooqi, Zia Ur Rahman; Siddiqui, Ayesha; Umar, Wajid; Iftikhar, Irfan; Nadeem, Muhammad; Fatima, Hina

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823823-3.00002-1

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 521 publications

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“…Synthesis of ZnO NPs was preliminarily confirmed by visual observation of dark-yellow precipitate, as seen in Figure 1C. Pomegranate peel extract was previously reported to be rich in phytochemical components, which act as reducing and stabilizing agents for the successful synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles [12]. In this regard, the main phytochemical ingredients of pomegranate peel extract were found to be punicalagin, gallic acid, ellagic acid, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid, as demonstrated in previous reports [17,48].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The fundamental goal of metal oxide nanoparticle development is to enhance the reactivity and efficacy of nanoparticles [11]. In this regard, iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), cerium oxide (CeO 2 ), magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) and titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) are the most commonly fabricated metal oxides [12]. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have recently attracted considerable attention due to their potential use in a wide range of applications, including environmental cleanup, antioxidant activity, biosensors, targeted drug delivery, and agronomic and medicinal applications [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facile Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Potential Synergistic Activity with Common Antifungal Agents against Multidrug-Resistant Candidal Strains

et al. 2022

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The high incidence of fungal resistance to antifungal drugs represents a global concern, contributing to high levels of morbidity and mortality, especially among immunocompromised patients. Moreover, conventional antifungal medications have poor therapeutic outcomes, as well as possible toxicities resulting from long-term administration. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to investigate the antifungal effectiveness of biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) against multidrug-resistant candidal strains. Biogenic ZnO NPs were characterized using physicochemical methods, such as UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X ray (EDX) spectroscopy, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis. UV spectral analysis revealed the formation of two absorption peaks at 367 and 506 nm, which preliminarily indicated the successful synthesis of ZnO NPs, whereas TEM analysis showed that ZnO NPs exhibited an average particle size of 22.84 nm. The EDX spectrum confirmed the successful synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles free of impurities. The FTIR spectrum of the biosynthesized ZnO NPs showed different absorption peaks at 3427.99, 1707.86, 1621.50, 1424.16, 1325.22, 1224.67, 1178.22, 1067.69, 861.22, 752.97 and 574.11 cm−1, corresponding to various functional groups. The average zeta potential value of the ZnO NPs was −7.45 mV. XRD analysis revealed the presence of six diffraction peaks at 2θ = 31.94, 34.66, 36.42, 56.42, 69.54 and 76.94°. The biogenic ZnO NPs (100µg/disk) exhibited potent antifungal activity against C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis strains, with suppressive zone diameters of 24.18 ± 0.32, 20.17 ± 0.56 and 26.35 ± 0.16 mm, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ZnO NPs against C. tropicalis strain was found to be 10 μg/mL, whereas the minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) was found to be 20 μg/mL. Moreover, ZnO NPs revealed a potential synergistic efficiency with fluconazole, nystatin and clotrimazole antifungal drugs against C. albicans strain, whereas terbinafine, nystatin and itraconazole antifungal drugs showed a potential synergism with ZnO NPs against C. glabrata as a multidrug-resistant strain. In conclusion, pomegranate peel extract mediated green synthesis of ZnO NPs with potential physicochemical features and antimicrobial activity. The biosynthesized ZnO NPs could be utilized for formulation of novel drug combinations to boost the antifungal efficiency of commonly used antifungal agents.

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Section: Synthesis Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Potential Synergistic Activity with Common Antifungal Agents against Multidrug-Resistant Candidal Strains

et al. 2022

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“…Poly (styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) resin underwent chemical modification using either 1,2-diaminoethane or 1,3diaminopropane, alongside 3-aminobenzoic acid, for the removal of Pb (II), Zn (II), Cu (II), and Fe (II) from water (Hasanzadeh et al, 2013;Hasanzadeh et al, 2017). Additionally, Sohail et al (I Sohail et al, 2020;Sohail et al, 2021) adopted a divergent approach to synthesize poly-amidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers, yielding zerogeneration dendrimers measuring between 200 and 400 nm. These dendrimers, featuring a higher concentration of functional groups on their external surface, effectively eliminated nickel ions from water.…”

Section: Dendrimer-based Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-revolution in heavy metal removal: engineered nanomaterials for cleaner water

Karnwal,

Malik

2024

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Engineered nanomaterials have emerged as a promising technology for water treatment, particularly for removing heavy metals. Their unique physicochemical properties enable them to adsorb large quantities of metals even at low concentrations. This review explores the efficacy of various nanomaterials, including zeolites, polymers, chitosan, metal oxides, and metals, in removing heavy metals from water under different conditions. Functionalization of nanomaterials is a strategy to enhance their separation, stability, and adsorption capacity. Experimental parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature, contact time, and ionic strength significantly influence the adsorption process. In comparison, engineered nanomaterials show promise for heavy metal remediation, but several challenges exist, including aggregation, stability, mechanical strength, long-term performance, and scalability. Furthermore, the potential environmental and health impacts of nanomaterials require careful consideration. Future research should focus on addressing these challenges and developing sustainable nanomaterial-based remediation strategies. This will involve interdisciplinary collaboration, adherence to green chemistry principles, and comprehensive risk assessments to ensure the safe and effective deployment of nanomaterials in heavy metal remediation at both lab and large-scale levels.

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“…The rapidly increasing use of nanoparticles in diverse fields of electronics, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agriculture, and remediation technologies has created some serious concerns regarding their fate in the environment ( Moraru et al., 2003 ; Ayub et al., 2022 ; Umar et al., 2022 ). The widespread application of nanoparticles has created many point and non-point sources of pollution, which can become a concern if they continue to be unchecked as metallic nanoparticles are a major class of these potential pollutants ( Kurwadkar et al., 2015 ; Sohail et al., 2021 ). Agricultural land can become a major sink of these nanomaterials and very little information is known about their transformation in soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles alone and in combination with cadmium on nutrient acquisition and the growth of maize (Zea mays)

et al. 2023

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IntroductionThe increasing use of cerium nanoparticles (CeO2-NPs) has made their influx in agroecosystems imminent through air and soil deposition or untreated wastewater irrigation. Another major pollutant associated with anthropogenic activities is Cd, which has adverse effects on plants, animals, and humans. The major source of the influx of Cd and Ce metals in the human food chain is contaminated food, making it an alarming issue; thus, there is a need to understand the factors that can reduce the potential damage of these heavy metals.MethodsThe present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of CeO2-10-nm-NPs and Cd (alone and in combination) on Zea mays growth. A pot experiment (in sand) was conducted to check the effect of 0, 200, 400, 600, 1,000, and 2,000 mg of CeO2-10 nm-NPs/kg-1 dry sand alone and in combination with 0 and 0.5 mg Cd/kg-1 dry sand on maize seedlings grown in a partially controlled greenhouse environment, making a total of 12 treatments applied in four replicates under a factorial design. Maize seedling biomass, shoot and root growth, nutrient content, and root anatomy were measured.Results and discussionThe NPs were toxic to plant biomass (shoot and root dry weight), and growth at 2,000 ppm was the most toxic in Cd-0 sets. For Cd-0.5 sets, NPs applied at 1,000 ppm somewhat reverted Cd toxicity compared with the contaminated control (CC). Additionally, CeO2-NPs affected Cd translocation, and variable Ce uptake was observed in the presence of Cd compared with non-Cd applied sets. Furthermore, CeO2-NPs partially controlled the elemental content of roots and shoots (micronutrients such as B, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Fe and the elements Co and Si) and affected root anatomy.

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Sufficiency and toxicity limits of metallic oxide nanoparticles in the biosphere

Cited by 8 publications

References 521 publications

Facile Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Potential Synergistic Activity with Common Antifungal Agents against Multidrug-Resistant Candidal Strains

Facile Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Potential Synergistic Activity with Common Antifungal Agents against Multidrug-Resistant Candidal Strains

Nano-revolution in heavy metal removal: engineered nanomaterials for cleaner water

Divergent effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles alone and in combination with cadmium on nutrient acquisition and the growth of maize (Zea mays)

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