“…Where institutional facilities exist (e.g., health care, police), women may not be aware of or may choose not to access services due to cultural acceptability of the service, lack of non-judgmental service provision, fear of stigma and fear of partner retribution (Horn, 2010; Hyder, Noor, & Tsui, 2007). In a study with Nigerian and Ghanian immigrants to Australia, women who experienced IPV described how displacement to Australia had severed access to family-based mediation resulting in IPV survivors reporting that they ‘suffered in silence’ rather than seek institutional based services (Ogunsiji, Wilkes, Jackson, & Peters, 2012). Similarly, preference for traditional family and community-based solutions to IPV have been expressed by Ethiopian refugees (Sullivan, Senturia, Negash, Shiu-Thornton, & Giday, 2005), African refugees living in refugee camps in Kenya (Horn, 2010), low-income mothers attending health clinics in Mumbai (Decker et al, 2013) and Cambodian immigrant women living in the US (Bhuyan, Mell, Senturia, Sullivan, & Shiu-Thornton, 2005).…”