Sudden Occurrence and Harmfulness of Xyleborus dispar (Fabricius) on Pear

Tanasković, Snežana; MARJANOVIĆ, Miloš; Gvozdenac, Sonja; Popović, N.; Drašković, Goran

doi:10.1515/contagri-2016-0019

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…saxesenii was indifferent to ethanol concentration. All three species are known to be attracted to ethanol‐emitting trees (Ranger et al., 2016, 2021; Reed et al., 2015; Tanasković et al., 2016), but our results suggest that the beetles use ethanol concentration as an indicator of host tree susceptibility, and possibly as a means to reduce interspecific competition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Ambrosia beetle response to ethanol concentration and host tree species

Cavaletto

Faccoli

Ranger

et al. 2021

J Applied Entomology

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Ethanol emitted by stressed trees is an olfactory cue used by ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Scolytinae) to locate susceptible hosts to colonize. In addition, ethanol enhances the growth of ambrosia beetle fungal symbionts, improving colonization. Whether host selection and colonization are affected also by the amount of ethanol produced by stressed trees and by tree species is unclear. To investigate these mechanisms, we induced attacks by ambrosia beetles in bolts of eight tree species by coring and filling them with either 5% or 90% ethanol solutions in water. For each ethanol concentration, bolts of the eight different tree species were replicated six times in a randomized complete block design. Entry holes were used as a proxy for host selection whereas gallery development stage was used as a proxy for colonization. Ethanol concentration differentially affected host selection of the three ambrosia beetles that were active during this study. Anisandrus dispar Fabricius preferentially attacked bolts with 90% ethanol concentration, Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) preferentially attacked bolts with 5% ethanol concentration, and Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg) attacked bolts irrespective of ethanol concentration. Colonization of X. crassiusculus reflected the same pattern observed for entry holes. The effect of host tree species on host selection was most prominent for X. saxesenii, while X. crassiusculus established a higher number of developed galleries in Ostrya carpinifolia Scopoli bolts than on five of the other tested tree species. Our results suggest that ethanol concentration and host tree species may influence ecological niche partitioning among ambrosia beetle species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Ambrosia beetle response to ethanol concentration and host tree species

Cavaletto

Faccoli

Ranger

et al. 2021

J Applied Entomology

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“…The seven species represent almost all of the known oak ambrosia scolytids in Bohemia (Pfeffer 1989); the rare Trypodendron signatum (Fabricius, 1792) was not detected. Anisandrus dispar (Fabricius, 1792) is a secondary pest that attacks almost all of the deciduous tree species in forests and trees that have been weakened by other biotic and/or abiotic factors (Tanasković et al 2016). Xyleborus dryographus (Ratzeburg, 1837) is a common polyphagous beetle at low elevations and feeds mainly on oaks (Pfeffer 1989).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trapping of ambrosia beetles by artificially produced lures in a oak forest

Fiala¹,

Holuša²

2020

Plant Prot. Sci.

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Ambrosia beetles are among the most damaging forest pests. They are frequently moved intercontinentally and are therefore subject to quarantines. The objective of the current research was to determine whether two commercially produced lures for Trypodendron species also attract central European ambrosia beetles. In 2018, Theysohn® traps were deployed in an oak forest that also contained hornbeam and linden trees. Five pair of traps was baited with the standard synthetic pheromone lures, Trypowit® or Lineatin Kombi®. The 201 adults of ambrosia bark beetles that were trapped were identified to eight species, which represents almost the entire spectrum of oak ambrosia scolytids in the region. Trypodendron domesticum, Xyleborinus saxesenii, and Xyleborus monographus were the most abundant species and exhibited a slight preference for the lure with a higher content of alcohols (Lineatin Kombi®). Both lures attracted T. lineatum because both contain lineatin. The number of beetles trapped was low probably because food sources (damaged or wilting oaks) were rare and because the forest was surrounded by agricultural land and therefore isolated from other oak forests.

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“…Anisandrus dispar is recognized as a serious pest of fruit and hazelnut trees [43]. It tends to infest trees that have been weakened by biotic and/or abiotic factors [44]. X. saxesenii is rarely considered to be a pest [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anisandrus dispar is probably considered to be a pest more often than X. saxesenii because it can develop on thinner branches [44]. It is therefore able to attack hazelnut and fruit trees [43,44], which have thinner branches than forest trees. Given the high abundance of A. dispar in the current study, one would suppose that this species could cause substantial damage in the region, but such damage occurs only rarely and only on trees with thin stems [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ambrosia Beetles Prefer Closed Canopies: A Case Study in Oak Forests in Central Europe

Holuša

Fiala

Foit

2021

Forests

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Research Highlights: The percentage of canopy closure was found to be the main factor associated with ambrosia beetle abundance and species richness. The latter two variables increased as canopy closure increased, probably because a high percentage of canopy closure provides a stable and humid environment suitable for the growth of ambrosia fungi. Objectives: Oak is a common host tree for ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), which have independently evolved a nutritional mutualism with fungi. We suspected that ambrosia beetles might have specific habitat preferences that are different from those of other saproxylic beetles and that reflect the specific habitat preferences of their food, i.e., ambrosia fungi. Methods: We assessed ambrosia beetle abundance with ethanol-lured traps in five old-growth oak dominated forests and five managed oak dominated forests (one trap per forest) during the vegetation period in 2020. We determined whether ambrosia beetle abundance and species richness depend on forest type (managed vs. unmanaged), degree of canopy closure, abundance of oak trees, abundance of coarse deadwood, and abundance of dead oak branches. Results: In total, 4137 individuals of six species of ambrosia beetles associated with oaks were captured. The native ambrosia beetle Anisandrus dispar represented the majority of trapped ambrosia bark beetles. A. dispar along with another ambrosia beetle, Xyleborinus saxesenii, represented 99% of all captured beetles. Conclusions: In addition to canopy closure, the abundance of oak trees and the abundance of dead oak branches were significantly associated with ambrosia beetle abundance and species richness. The abundance of A. dispar was mainly correlated with dead oak branch abundance and the degree of canopy closure, whereas the abundances of X. saxesenii and of the invasive species Xyleborinus attenuatus and Cyclorhipidion bodoanum were mainly correlated with the net area occupied by oak trees.

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Sudden Occurrence and Harmfulness of Xyleborus dispar (Fabricius) on Pear

Abstract: Summary: Decline of pear trees in the region of Čačak (Serbia)

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Ambrosia beetle response to ethanol concentration and host tree species

Ambrosia beetle response to ethanol concentration and host tree species

Trapping of ambrosia beetles by artificially produced lures in a oak forest

Ambrosia Beetles Prefer Closed Canopies: A Case Study in Oak Forests in Central Europe

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