Sudden losses and negative appraisal in people with severe mental illness.

O’Hare, Thomas; Sherrer, Margaret V.; Shen, Ce

doi:10.1037/ort0000014

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…The death of a partner is not only characterized by intense grief and loss but is also associated with potential losses in financial and social support, and contributes to stress and instability that may trigger additional mental health crises. 18,27,28 The marital relationship is often a primary source of social support, and the protective effects of marriage on adverse outcomes for individuals with mental illness have been well documented. 53,54 As such, the loss of a partner may be a destabilizing event for partners with SMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25,26 The death of a close family member can affect individuals with SMI more adversely than the general population-individuals diagnosed with mental health disorders are at greater risk for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, self-harm, suicide, new psychiatric diagnoses, and prolonged grief after the loss of a family member or close member of their social networks. 9,11,12,27,28 The intersectionality between serious mental illness and a traumatic event such as bereavement can exacerbate posttraumatic stress symptoms, 28 and may be linked to poorer coping 29 and maladaptive attachment 12 among this population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serious Mental Illness Exacerbation Post-Bereavement: A Population-Based Study of Partners and Adult Children

Tay

Thygesen

Ornstein

2022

Innovation in Aging

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The death of a family member may trigger exacerbations among individuals with serious mental illness (SMI). We hypothesized that bereavement would be associated with SMI exacerbations among bereaved partners and adult children diagnosed with SMI. Using linked population-based registries in Denmark, we identified partners and adult children diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, and major depression in the five years preceding the family member’s death. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the odds of SMI exacerbation two years after decedent death. Partners had increased odds of SMI exacerbation at 3 months into bereavement compared to 9-12 months prior to partners’ death (AOR=1.43, [1.13-1.81]). Children with a history of SMI had lower odds of SMI exacerbation in the second year of bereavement. Sociodemographic characteristics and co-occurring alcohol and substance abuse disorders were associated with higher odds of SMI exacerbations. These findings have implications for targeted bereavement support.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serious Mental Illness Exacerbation Post-Bereavement: A Population-Based Study of Partners and Adult Children

Tay

Thygesen

Ornstein

2022

Innovation in Aging

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Adversity Interpreted: A Scoping Review of Adversity Appraisal Measurement

Gusler

Guler

Petrie

et al. 2021

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Although evidence suggests that individuals’ appraisals (i.e., subjective interpretations) of adverse or traumatic life events may serve as a mechanism accounting for differences in adversity exposure and psychological adjustment, understanding this mechanism is contingent on our ability to reliably and consistently measure appraisals. However, measures have varied widely between studies, making conclusions about how best to measure appraisal a challenge for the field. To address this issue, the present study reviewed 88 articles from three research databases, assessing adults’ appraisals of adversity. To be included in the scoping review, articles had to meet the following criteria: (1) published no earlier than 1999, (2) available in English, (3) published as a primary source manuscript, and (4) included a measure assessing for adults’ (over the age of 18) subjective primary and/or secondary interpretations of adversity. Each article was thoroughly reviewed and coded based on the following information: study demographics, appraisal measurement tool(s), category of appraisal, appraisal dimensions (e.g., self-blame, impact, and threat), and the tool’s reliability and validity. Further, information was coded according to the type of adversity appraised, the time in which the appraised event occurred, and which outcomes were assessed in relation to appraisal. Results highlight the importance of continued examination of adversity appraisals and reveal which appraisal tools, categories, and dimensions are most commonly assessed for. These results provide guidance to researchers in how to examine adversity appraisals and what gaps among the measurement of adversity appraisal which need to be addressed in the future research.

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Serious Mental Illness Exacerbation Post-Bereavement: A Population-Based Study of Partners and Adult Children

Tay¹,

Thygesen²,

Kozlov³

et al. 2022

CLEP

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Purpose The death of a close family member is commonly accompanied by intense grief, stress, and loss of social support. We hypothesized that recent bereavement would be associated with an increase in symptom exacerbations among adults with serious mental illness (SMI) whose partners or parents had died. Patients and Methods Adults whose partners and parents had died in Denmark between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2016, were identified using linked population-based registries. History of SMI was defined as having a diagnosis of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders, major depression, and bipolar disorder in the five years preceding their family member’s death in the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register using International Classification of Diseases-10 codes. The odds of SMI exacerbation (ie, attempt or completion of suicide or psychiatric hospitalization) among partners and children in the first two years after death in 3-month intervals were estimated with generalized estimating equations. Results 12.8% of partners and 15.0% of adult children with a history of SMI experienced any SMI exacerbation two years after bereavement. Among bereaved partners, older age (80+ years) was associated with a lower risk of experiencing an SMI exacerbation compared with partners aged 18–49 years (OR adj =0.29, [0.18–0.45]). Partners with a history of SMI had significantly increased odds of SMI exacerbations three months after their partners’ death compared to prior to their partners’ death (ORadj = 1.43, [1.13–1.81]). There was no evidence that adult children with SMI experience increased SMI exacerbations after the death of their parents compared to prior to death. Conclusion Adults with a history of SMI whose partners had died are at increased risk for an SMI exacerbation post bereavement. Additional bereavement resources and support should be provided to those with a history of SMI, especially in the period immediately after death.

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Sudden losses and negative appraisal in people with severe mental illness.

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Serious Mental Illness Exacerbation Post-Bereavement: A Population-Based Study of Partners and Adult Children

Serious Mental Illness Exacerbation Post-Bereavement: A Population-Based Study of Partners and Adult Children

Adversity Interpreted: A Scoping Review of Adversity Appraisal Measurement

Serious Mental Illness Exacerbation Post-Bereavement: A Population-Based Study of Partners and Adult Children

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