Sudden gains in two psychotherapies for posttraumatic stress disorder

König, Julia; Karl, Regina; Rosner, Rita; Butollo, Willi

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.06.005

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As hypothesized, a larger proportion of SGs predicted larger increases in BMI between baseline and 6, 12, and 24 months postrandomization. Importantly, there were no differences in BMI at baseline between those who did and did not experience SGs, suggesting that those experiencing SGs did not have a lower BMI at baseline and then regress towards the mean, as has been previously suggested (Konig, Karl, Rosner, & Butollo, ). However, it may not be surprising that individuals who experienced more SGs in BMI during treatment had larger increases in BMI between baseline and follow‐up, as SGs and outcomes were both measured from baseline, and therefore covered the same time period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Sudden gains in the outpatient treatment of anorexia nervosa: A process‐outcome study

Cartwright

Cheng

Schmidt

et al. 2017

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Sudden gains in the outpatient treatment of anorexia nervosa: A process‐outcome study

Cartwright

Cheng

Schmidt

et al. 2017

Intl J Eating Disorders

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“…However, as the differences between therapies were small and the sample was in the non-clinical range before treatment, this possible long-term advantage of DET may not generalize to patients with clinically significant interpersonal disturbance. Also, a different set of analyses did not indicate differential patterns of response for the two treatments [55]. As the high amount of missing data especially in the DET group at the posttreatment assessment made relying solely on ITT data seem unfair, we also conducted analyses with available data only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Dialogical Exposure Therapy versus Cognitive Processing Therapy for Adult Outpatients Suffering from PTSD after Type I Trauma in Adulthood

Butollo

Karl²,

König³

et al. 2015

Psychother Psychosom

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Background: Although there are effective treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there is little research on treatments with non-cognitive-behavioural backgrounds, such as gestalt therapy. We tested an integrative gestalt-derived intervention, dialogical exposure therapy (DET), against an established cognitive-behavioural treatment (cognitive processing therapy, CPT) for possible differential effects in terms of symptomatic outcome and drop-out rates. Methods: We randomized 141 treatment-seeking individuals with a diagnosis of PTSD to receive either DET or CPT. Therapy length in both treatments was flexible with a maximum duration of 24 sessions. Results: Dropout rates were 12.2% in DET and 14.9% in CPT. Patients in both conditions achieved significant and large reductions in PTSD symptoms (Impact of Event Scale - Revised; Hedges' g = 1.14 for DET and d = 1.57 for CPT) which were largely stable at the 6-month follow-up. At the posttreatment assessment, CPT performed statistically better than DET on symptom and cognition measures. For several outcome measures, younger patients profited better from CPT than older ones, while there was no age effect for DET. Conclusions: Our results indicate that DET merits further research and may be an alternative to established treatments for PTSD. It remains to be seen whether DET confers advantages in areas of functioning beyond PTSD symptoms.

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“…Some studies have adapted this formula following suggestions from Martinovich, Saunders and Howard [15] by replacing the test-retest reliability with the internal consistency (α) and replacing the standard deviation of the normal population (s 1 ) with the standard deviation of the clinical sample at baseline (SD pre ) so that all statistics can be extracted from the sample data [16]. Note that the use of the test-retest reliability or internal consistency when calculating S E makes the assumption that the scale being examined is unidimensional, and that these reliability estimates remain constant over time, and between individuals.…”

Section: Defining a Cutoff For The First Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some authors invert the three sudden gains criteria [11,24], others further adjust the percentage threshold of the second criterion, e.g. 33% [16].…”

Section: Sudden Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

suddengains: An R package to identify sudden gains in longitudinal data

et al. 2020

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Sudden gains are large and stable improvements in an outcome variable between consecutive measurements, for example during a psychological intervention with multiple assessments. Researching these occurrences could help understand individual change processes in longitudinal data. Three criteria are generally used to identify sudden gains in psychological interventions. However, applying these criteria can be time consuming and prone to errors if not fully automated. Adaptations to these criteria and methodological decisions such as how multiple gains are handled vary across studies and are reported with different levels of detail. These problems limit the comparability of individual studies and make it hard to understand or replicate the exact methods used. The R package suddengains provides a set of tools to facilitate sudden gains research. This article illustrates how to use the package to identify sudden gains or sudden losses and how to extract descriptive statistics as well as exportable data files for further analysis. It also outlines how these analyses can be customised to apply adaptations of the standard criteria. The suddengains package therefore offers significant scope to improve the efficiency, reporting, and reproducibility of sudden gains research.

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Sudden gains in two psychotherapies for posttraumatic stress disorder

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Sudden gains in the outpatient treatment of anorexia nervosa: A process‐outcome study

Sudden gains in the outpatient treatment of anorexia nervosa: A process‐outcome study

A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Dialogical Exposure Therapy versus Cognitive Processing Therapy for Adult Outpatients Suffering from PTSD after Type I Trauma in Adulthood

suddengains: An R package to identify sudden gains in longitudinal data

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