“…Benenson, Paz-Elizur, Adar, Keinan, Livneh, and Shapiro [38] reported development of a programmable 'finite automaton', using a restriction nucleaseand ligase as hardware and software consisting of transition rules encoded by DNA. Komiya, Sakamoto, Gouzo, Yokoyama, Arita, Nishikawa, and Hagiya [39] showed that a single-stranded DNA can serve as an independent machine by using a solid support technique in three experimental achievements in computation model based on 'whiplash' reactions, while Garzon, Gao, Rose, Murphy, Deaton, Franceschetti, and Stevens [40] used a ligation-based approach for in-vitro implementation of finite-state machines, which requires sequential input feed and different molecules for different machines. In their second implementation not based on ligation transitions are represented by reusable molecules and the input, coded as a molecule, can be introduced at once.…”